Педагогика

2020/8, стр. 1089 - 1105

EDUCATIONAL REASONS FOR EARLY SCHOOL DROP-OUT

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Introduction

The dynamism of modern times presents before the people ever higher requirements in terms of their creativity and adaptability to the rapidly changing conditions of social existence and professional realization. For the formation of such valuable qualities of the personality, the years of school education are of significant influence. Prominent scholars who have devoted much of their scientific quest to clarifying the issue of human development are Jean Piague (theory of cognitive and moral development), Lev Vigotski (theory of cognitive development), Eric Eriksson (theory of personal and social development) Lawrence Colberg and Martin Hoffman (Theories of Moral Development). They unite around the idea that learning and education contribute to the development of the personality. M. Andreev points out in this regard that “Training is modeled on development” (Andreev, 2001: 63). The training performs its developmental function more effectively when it has a special developmental focus and involves students in such activities that develop sensory perceptions, motor, intellectual, volitional, emotional, as well as the motivational sphere. The years of school education are an important period for the development of the personality. We should not understimate the fact that people preserve their potential for development almost throughout the whole of their lives. In this aspect, P. Radev points out that “there is no uniform optimal course of development. Development takes place in several positions simultaneously, and progress or retention in one position does not necessarily have to be considered progress or retention in other directions” (Radev, 2005: 475). Education is one of the many factors contributing to both the individual and social development of the student's personality, and modern society should not remain indifferent to the identified tendencies for dropping out of a part of the young people from the educational institution. This has directed our attention to examining the problem of early drop-out of students.

Research problem

School is an important social institution that is called upon to carry out a public procurement aimed at the full social and labour realization of the personality. The way in which the school fulfills its educational and socializing function has a direct projection on the processes of personal self-acceptance and self-actualization of the students. Some of them fail to cope with the challenges with which the school confronts them and leave the school institution before they have completed their education.

When considering the generalized data on students who have dropped out of the educational system within the European Union, their number varies from country to country. According to the 2009 data on the number of school dropouts, the Member States of the European Union are divided into different groups: countries with less than 10% dropout pupils – Slovenia (3.9%), Slovakia (4.9%), Poland (5.3%), the Czech Republic (5.4%), Austria (8.7%), Finland (9.9%); countries where school dropouts are over 30% – Malta (36.8%), Portugal (31.2%), Spain (31.2%); Bulgaria holds positions among the countries with more than 10% of dropout students. The percentage of dropouts for the reported period in Bulgaria is 14.7% (Mihova, 2014: 144 – 145).

The statistics on this issue published by the National Statistics Institute (NSI) of Bulgaria for the period 2009 – 2016 is quite worrying.

Table 1. Number of the students leaving school by grade of education

SchoolyearNumber of drop-outs I-IVclassNumber of drop-outs V-VIII classNumber of drop-outsIX-XIIclassTotal numberof drop-outs2009/20105 9287 5785 98719 4932010/20115 5966 9946 08418 6742011/20125 6786 7495 97818 4052012/20135 2686 5305 70817 5062013/20145 4186 6795 58717 6842014/20156 3208 1326 63221 0842015/20166 5688 1396 35121 058

As can be seen from the data reported by the NSI of Bulgaria in Table 1, for the last seven school years (2009/2010 to 2015/2016), a total of 133 904 Bulgarian students have left school for various reasons. The generalized data allows to observe the dynamics of the number of dropouts. Their number is the smallest in 2012/2013, amounting to 17 506 students, the largest being in 2014/2015, amounting to 21 084 students. For the period 2009 – 2013, we have a dying dynamics in terms of the number of dropouts from school. The registered drop between the highest and the lowest number for the next four years amounted to 1987 students. After that, there is a three-year period of increase in the number of school dropouts. It is in this period that the highest number was recorded. The largest is the number of students who dropped out of school early in the school year 2014/2015. Their number was 21084 students.

Bulgaria is a country with deep traditions in the development of the idea of mass education. These ideas were born in our country as early as right after the Cyrillic alphabet was adopted by the disciples of Cyril and Methodius in the 9th century. The ideas of educating the nation are presented as a priority during all periods of the historical development of Bulgaria (Atanasov, 2006: 198 – 270). In this respect, striking is the fact that in the 21st century, when our country is part of the panEuropean family, tens of thousands of children, adolescents and young people leave the educational institution prematurely every year. Young people are our future and, having this in mind, we need to address some fundamental questions. Can a society made up of a large number of uneducated and poorly educated people achieve a high economic, cultural and spiritual development of the state? What could the uneducated person contribute to national and world progress? These problems are very seriously considered by the governing bodies of the European Union and Bulgaria. The process of globalization of modern society has a significant impact on the development of the educational processes in Europe. Integration processes in the field of education contribute to the establishment and functioning of a panEuropean educational area characterized by the promotion of student mobility, co-operation between educational establishments, the improvement of the system for recognition of diplomas, competences and qualifications, facilitating adaptation to industrial change, in particular through vocational training and retraining1). These progressive ideas from the beginning of the 21st century cannot conceivably be realized without targeted work in the direction of retaining young people in the educational space and motivating them to successfully complete and upgrade the educational stages and degrees. The Member States of the European Union are in solidarity with the view that the education of the personality is a permanent process that accompanies man throughout his or her life. The social and economic conditions of life are constantly changing. In order to be adequate to the changing conditions, one has to make a determined effort for permanent self-improvement, which also includes lifelong learning. The European Qualifications Framework for Lifelong Learning has been established. This document is aimed at uniting the different qualifications systems, facilitating the transfer of qualifications between countries, achieving the practical applicability of competences, both at national and European level2). The ideas for optimizing the learning process through permanent learning are presented in the UNESCO report on education in the 21st century, which states that the realization of the idea of lifelong learning can be fulfilled through four main pillars: learning how to live together with others, learning how to learn, learning how to act and learning how to live/exist (Learning: The treasure within the UNESCO of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century). In line with these ideas, a reference framework for key competences has been developed. It regulates the competencies that need to be formed through training within the Member States of the European Union. This idea is in the direction of more flexible transfer of specialists in different economic sectors in the common European area. Education in Bulgaria is implemented in accordance with the panEuropean documents, which are the basis of the educational plans and the curricula for the secondary and the higher schools. It works purposefully towards the inclusion and retention of students in the educational environment. Schools are working on several national projects, the main goal of which is to reduce the number of dropouts and the re-entering of school dropouts. These are the projects “Making School Attractive to Young People”, “School for Self-Confirmation and Preparation for European Horizons”, the National Program “At School without Absences”. Despite the above-mentioned normative documents, the number of early school leavers is alarmingly high. The reasons for dropping out of school are sought in order to minimize their impact. The reasons for dropping out of school can be sought in several directions – economic, family, social, educational, ethno-cultural, institutional, health-related. On the basis of the differentiated problems of dropping out of school, a Strategy for prevention and reduction of the share of dropouts and early school leavers in Bulgaria was developed. The strategy aims to achieve by 2020 the total share of school drop-outs of no more than 11% of all pupils who subject to compulsory education3). For us, as an institution preparing pedagogical specialists for the primary and lower secondary schools, what is interesting is the educational reasons for dropping out of school. It is important to understand what makes school difficult for children, what they do not like in the institutionalized learning environment, what provokes them to interrupt their education prematurely. This would assist us in the preparation of young teachers at the university in identifying ways to improve their pedagogical interaction with pupils, to optimize the didactic technology of the lesson, to motivate students more effectively to study and to assist students in rationalizing education as a supreme human value, which has its positive projections on the prosperity of the individual, as well as on the development of society.

Methodology and methods of research

The object of the study is the early drop-out of schoolchildren.

The subject of study are the educational reasons for dropping out of school.

The aim is to differentiate and analyze specific educational reasons that cause interruption of education for part of the teenagers and adolescents.

Research hypothesis: Differentiating the educational reasons for dropping out of school would help to develop a pedagogical approach whose implementation in school practice would contribute to optimizing pedagogical interaction and reducing the number of dropouts from school.

Research methods: content analysis, survey, statistical processing of empirical data with Statistica SPSS.V. 16.0, pertinent analysis, correlation analysis.

Results

The study was conducted with 152 students who study in secondary schools in the Stara Zagora region. To differentiate the reasons for dropping out of school, an inquiry card has been developed which contains 29 close-ended questions. The questionnaire was presented to the students to be filled in anonymously. The questions included in the questionnaire are aimed at identifying different types of risk reasons that could lead to dropping out of school – family, social, educational, psychological, health-related. The subject of the present analysis is to identify the educational reasons for dropping out of school. The distribution of the data obtained is not normal, necessitating the use of nonparametric techniques in the analysis.

Since Bulgaria is a multiethnic country, it is of a research interest for us to find out whether there is a correlation between the students' belonging to a particular ethnic group and the existence of ethnically specific educational issues that lead to dropping out of school. This determined the contingent of the research, which encompasses students from the three largest ethnic groups in Bulgaria – Bulgarian, Turkish and Roma. The distribution of the students covered by the study by ethnicity is as follows:

Table 2. Distribution by ethnicity

FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulativePercentValidRoma7247,448,048,0Bulgarian6240,841,389,3Turkish1610,510,7100,0Total15098,7100,0MissingSystem21,3Total152100,0

As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the largest share (47.4%) is taken by the Roma students covered by the survey. The second largest one is that of the Bulgarian students. Their share is 40.8%. Students who ponted out belonging to the Turkish ethnic group represent a 10.5% share. Two students representing a share of 1.3% did not indicate their ethnicity. There are no pupils who have indicated belonging to a different ethnic group.

The study covered students from different educational stages and grades (from the primary to the high school stage), which also determines variations in the surveyed persons in terms of age. The age of the respondents ranges from 11 to 17 years. The distribution of the respondents by age is as follows: 17 years – 4.6%, 16 years old – 3.9%, 15 years old – 4.6%, 14 years old – 18.4%, 13 years old – 36.2%, 12 years old – 30.3%, 11 years old – 2%. The largest is the number of respondents aged 13 and 12 years. They occupy a total share of 66, 5%.

The study covers students who live and study in a medium-sized city and such who live and study in a village. Respondents from the city account for a share of 119 students (78%), and those living in a village are 33 students and represent a 22% share.

The distribution of respondents by gender is as follows: 71 pupils (46.7%) are female and 81 are male (53.3%). The sample is exhaustive and does not claim to be representative.

The statistical significance of differences in the responses is verified by a KruskalWallis nonparametric k-test (Man-Whitney Post-Hock Test) – a nonparametric alternative to a single-factor dispersion analysis for comparison of three or more groups.

The prerequisites that must be met for the Kruskal-Wallis test are:

1. The dependent variable is built from “low” to “high” values before they are ranked.

2. The data for each group are independent.

The statistical hypotheses that are tested with the Kruskal-Wallis test are as follows:

H0: There is no difference in the distribution of the responses of groups formed by the ethnicity factor.

H1: There is a difference in the distribution of responses of groups formed by ethnicity.

The Kruskal-Wallis test ckecks the equality of distributions between the groups (which are three and more) and not an equality of the arithmetic mean values for the groups as in the dispersion analysis and is statistically significant at p≤0.05. Statistical significance means that there is a difference in the distribution of the groups.

The Kruskal-Wallis test shows that there is a statistically significant difference between the three surveyed ethnic groups in the answers of questions 20; 28 and 29, presented in Table 3.

Table 3. Statistically significant differences of ethnic origin and place of residence of the students

Question №Factorχ2(n)pageethnic originplace of residence1100013000140001600017000200108,476,014220002400025000280014,118,0422901021,440,0000 – no statistically signicant di󰀨erence; 1 – there is statistically signicant di󰀨erence

In order to determine where exactly the difference is, i.e. which groups are statistically significantly different, additional Man-Whitney “post-hoc” tests had to be performed – one for each pair of independent group variables.

The corrected value of (p) of Bonferoni was used, as determined by the following:

where n is the number of possible pairs.

In order to calculate the magnitude of the eect, the coefficient r was used, defined by the formula:

Our goal in differentiating the educational reasons for dropping out of school is to determine the nature of the difficulties which students have at school. Students enrolled in the study are asked Question 11 “What makes school difficult for you?”. The question is multi-choice. The data obtained shows the following distribution, sorted by frequency of choice:

The most frequent is choice d) – “there is no good discipline at school, and other pupils keep me from being careful during the lesson”, chosen by 75 respondents (49.3%). The fact that this is a choice for almost half of the respondents makes it significant for the sample.

The distribution by age and class of the so quoted statement shows that this choice is valid mainly for those born in 2006 and 2005 (fifth and sixth grade). It is chosen by more adolescent boys than girls.

Disciplinary order is one of the fundamental requirements for the normal course of learning. Reasons for worsening discipline in the classroom may depend on both the personality of the teacher and the personality of the student. As an important factor in this respect, we choose to outline the personality of the teacher, who through his or her professionalism should in each case find mechanisms to influence positively the behavior of the students. Distributing the teacher's attention correctly helps to identify the specific condition and engagement with the creative activity of each student at each phase of the lesson. This requires adherence to a certain disciplinary order. As J. Kuni says, “It is very important for the teacher to know what is happening at every stage of the lesson and at all times” (Charles, 2002: 7). This expectation towards the personality of the teacher is defined in the scientific literature as the principle of vigilance. In order for this principle to be applied effectively, the teacher needs to give the class clear and timely signals that he is aware of what is happening in the class at any time of the class. Regarding the proper management of time, human resource and technologies by teachers during the lesson at school, R. Clark points out the following, “I am ready to predict that 90% of the behavioral problems during the lesson arise at times when the teacher does not teach. This is the time when students begin to get bored and take the opportunity to do nonsense” (Clark, 2013: 242 – 243). If the teacher keeps a good working mode of the students, they will be engaged in productive activities at any given time. This would reduce discipline problems, help improve learning efficiency, satisfaction with the results achieved and keep students within the learning space.

The second choice of the respondents was the statement “The content of the textbook is too complicated for me” – 51 respondents (33.6%). Difficulties arising from the complexity of textbook content are mostly experienced by 12-year-old students, followed by 14 and 13-year-olds. In terms of classes, these are the fifthgrade, followed by the seventh- and the sixth- grade students. Again, this tendency is more likely to be more valid for boys than for girls (32 boys/19 girls). The school textbook is a didactic tool that supports the teacher's activity and the student's activity. There are requirements for the scientific and structured content of the selected learning content, but also the requirement for accessibility of the volume and the content of the information according to the age and the psychological characteristics of the learners.

The other three statements on the matter were selected by a small number of respondents. Among them, the most significant is statement b) – “the teacher’s way of teaching is incomprehensible to me” chosen by 15 pupils (9.9%), with approximately equal number of boys and girls (7/8) and valid mostly for those born in 2006 year (sixth grade) – 7 people. This answer corresponds to the ineffective teaching technology of the teacher during the lesson.

One of the factors that could cause dropping out of the school system could be the frequent absences from school. Through question 13, we aim to find out which the most common reasons are why students are absent from school and to highlight the educational reasons in this aspect. The results indicate that the most significant is statement b) – “due to an illness” – 93 of 149 valid choices, followed by a) “for family reasons” – 27 choices and g) “for other reasons” – not determined by the respondents – 20 choices. Illness as the main reason for absenteeism is pointed out by all respondents with a valid choice, without an outlined influence of a certain factor. Family causes are more valid for boys. Absenteeism caused by factors other than illness was mainly chosen as an answer by girls. Students do not identify specific educational reasons for absenteeism.

As a possible reason for dropping out of school, the specifics of the didactic technology of the teacher during the lesson could also be considered. In order to find out what teaching technology teachers use most often at school, respondents were asked question 14, “How do your teachers most often teach at school?” Students had the opportunity to choose from the following answers: a) They present on themselves all the content of the lesson from the textbook; b) They use talk and discussion with the students during the lesson; c) They use group work and project work; d) They use role-playing games; e) They use experimental work, study trips. 151 respondents answered the question. There is a predominant opinion that teachers present themselves all the content of the textbook lesson (60.9%). This presupposes an authoritative style of work of the teacher, realized through the use of traditional didactic methods, such as narrative and explanation. Excessive use of these methods contributes to boredom and tediousness, and implies a passive presence of the students in class. In this way, the teacher can hardly awaken the pupils' curiosity about the subject matter they teach, it is difficult to motivate them to actively participate in the class, which repels the students to such an extent that some of them are willing to leave the school because they do not find sense to visit such a boring and uninteresting place, as school, every day. The second next basic method of work of the teacher is “the talk and the discussion” (23.2%). The third position is occupied by the use of group work and project work, reported by only 9.3% of the respondents. Fourth comes that of role-playing (4%). The final position (2.6%) is occupied by the use of field work study hours and excursions with the class. More and more doctrines are united around the view that the attractiveness of the school institution for pupils increases when the student is drawn from his passive position of attending the classroom and becomes an active participant in the learning process. To this end, the enhancement of accessibility through the use of interactive methods, such as heuristics, discussion, brainstorming, didactic experiment, experimental work, project and theme work, study excursion, etc., contribute to the highest extent.

The following interdependencies on the factors studied were outlined:

In terms of age, there is no statistically significant difference between the respondents' opinions;

In terms of ethnicity, there is no statistically significant difference;

In terms of place of residence there is no statistically significant difference;

In terms of gender, there is a statistically significant difference U = 2374,000; Z = -1.973; p = 0.049. The impact strength (r = 0.017) is determined on the Cowen scale as very little, negligible.

The transformation of the school into a desired place for pupils is influenced in a positive direction by the extracurricular forms of work offered to students in accordance with their needs, abilities and interests. In this connection, Question 16, which was asked of the students to answer, covered by the study, is: “Do you participate in extracurricular forms of work in your school?”. The question is with a multiple choice of answers – the first 6 statements describe possible out-of-class forms and the last one is negative. The distribution of choices outlines the following trend:

20 students take part in music or singing groups (13.2%), where twice as many are the girls than the boys, the prevailing being students born in 2005 (10 pupils) and 2006 (5 pupils). This choice is typical for the inhabitants of the village (18/2), the participants of Roma origin being twice as many as the two other ethnic groups;

19 of the students were involved in some other extraxurricular thematic activity (12.5%) – almost equally boys and girls, mostly born in 2004 – 2006, the respondents living in the city (18/1);

There are 19 people in sports clubs, representing a share of 12.5%, with a predominant number of the boys – 14/5 of all ethnicities and age groups;

There are 18 (11.8%) of the respondents who attend drama classes, the majority being girls (11/7), born mostly in 2006, 11 of whom live in the city. The respondents who have indicated this answer are mainly from the Bulgarian ethnic group (13 students) and five from the Roma ethnic group;

9.9% of the respondents (15 people), mostly girls, of all age groups and living in the village (twice as many as those living in the city), participate in dance groups;

Three respondents are involved in socio-psychological trainings, lectures, consultations, etc., all being boys. Two of them were born in 2005 and one in 2001, two of them live in the city and one in the village; two are from the Roma and one from the Bulgarian ethnic group.

Arelatively large number of respondents – 64 students (42.1%) do not participate in any extracurricular forms of work at school. The boys (39 pupils) over the girls (25 students). The lowest is the number involved in out-of-school forms of work born in 2005 and living in the city (53/9). In terms of ethnic groups, the prevailing are the pupils of Bulgarian origin (30 pupils), who are almost equal to the Roma pupils (28 pupils), and five are representatives of the Turkish ethnic group. Against the background of the numerous Projects that the Ministry of Education offers to Bulgarian schools and the variety of extracurricular activities, it is a concern that such a large number of students do not attend any extracurricular forms of work that would help to increase their interest in the school institution.

For us, it was also of a research interest to find out if, provided that the school does not offer enough and various extracurricular forms of work for its pupils, they are still interested in, and visiting, any alternative forms of activities outside their schools. In connection with this, the students were asked Question 17 “Do you participate in any forms of further education outside your school?”. The question has three alternative options: a) yes, I participate regularly; b) I visit from time to time; c) I am not at all involved. The distribution of the 150 valid answers to this question outlines a tendency according to which respondents who do not participate in any further training. These are 66 pupils (44%), followed by regularly attending such forms – 55 students (26.7%). Third are the respondents who participate in out-of-school forms sporadically – 29 students (19.3%). The answers to this question did not reveal statistically significant differences in terms of the factors studied: age, gender, ethnic origin, place of residence. The results indicate a high degree of correlation in the answers to questions 16 and 17 with all students who took part in the survey. We find that the number of pupils who do not attend extracurricular work at school – 64 pupils (42.1%) correlates with the number of those who do not attend any additional forms of education outside school – 66 students (44%). This fact should further focus the educators' attention on the need to offer extracurricular forms of work for schoolchildren, as the families of a large number of students do not find such an alternative for their children outside the school institution.

One of the factors that could lead to preventing the dropping out of school is the support that students receive when they encounter cognitive difficulties in mastering the curriculum. In order to find out to whom the students most rely upon when they have learning difficulties, we asked Question 20: “Who do you most often ask for help when you have school problems?”. We have the following distribution of data (152 valid replies by birth and gender factors and 150 – by the factor “residence”). With the highest frequency, respondents say that they are looking for help from their friends (all tested factors and groups), followed by those who rely on help from their parents, the third position is taken by those who turn for help to their teachers. The two last positions are taken up by the answers of the students seeking help from the school director and those who rely on the help of the pedagogical counselor/psychologist in the school. The specificity of the answers received provokes questions about the functions and pedagogical roles that the pedagogue performs in his or her professional activity. In her research, Y. Merdjanova reveals the interrelationship between the professional interactions and the professional roles that the teacher performs in the learning process (Merdjanova, 2010: 246). The researcher points out that in his/her professional activity the teacher interacts at different levels and implements a large set of roles, some of which are: informant, expert, partner, counselor, programmer, consultant, coordinator, mediator, interlocutor, observer, educator, role model, prognostic visionary, regulator, friend, artist, diplomat, assistant, connoisseur, associate, mediator, speaker, moderator, etc. We find that some of the important roles that the teacher performs in the learning process relate precisely to his or her perception of the student as an authoritative personality, a professional who is ready to offer his help and support at times when students are in difficulty. The students' answers to this question are in a negative correlation with the above differentiated professional roles of the teachers. It should be considered as an embarrassing fact that the students covered in the survey in school situations are willing to seek help and assistance from their friends and their parents and not, as it should be, from their teachers or from the pedagogical counselor/psychologist in the school.

A significant difference between the differentiated answers to this question is highlighted by the ethnic origin factor and should be checked for statistical significance.The Kruskal - Wallis test shows a statistically significant difference in the ethnicity factor of this question (χ2 (3) = 8,476; p =, 014

When compared through the Man-Whitney U test (post-hoc), the dependencies are established, as presented in Table 4.

Table 4. Man-Whitney U test, question № 20

GroupsUZprRoma-Bulgarian1731,000-2,338,0190,20Bulgarian-other306,000-2,531,0110,29Roma-other503,000-,839,4020,09

Using the adjusted Bonferoni coefficient (p = 0.0167), it is evident that there is a statistically significant difference between the assertions about who the pupils turn to for help in case of school problems – between the representatives of the Bulgarian and the self-identified as “other” respondents. There is no statistically significant identifiable difference between representatives of the Roma and Bulgarian ethnic groups. There is no statistically significant difference between the answers of the Roma and the self-identified as “other” groups. The power of impact (r) on the Cowen scale is defined as typical and larger than the typical in the comparison between Bulgarian, Roma, Bulgarian and self-identified as “other” ethnic groups. Among the Roma and the “other” groups, the power of the influence of the factor is very weak, it basically does not exist.

Our research focus is directed towards identifying the reasons for low student success rates, which can be seen as a factor that provokes dropping out of school. Respondents were asked Question 22 “If you have learning difficulties and low success rates, what are they due to?”. The question implies eleven responses. The most frequent statement is: “I struggle to answer” – 30 students (19.7%), followed by “irregular performance of homework” – 26 students (17.1%) and “low concentration of attention” – 23 students (15.1%). The next position is occupied by the students who answered: “lack of self-confidence, low self-esteem” – 20 students (13.2%); “Irregular school attendance” – 19 students (12.5%); “poor family conditions” – 12 students (7.9%) and “fear of testing” – 12 students (7.9%).

As the most insignificant, respondents identify language problems – low communicative competence, inadequate knowledge of the language in which the training takes place – 9 pupils (5.9%); the ambiguity of the material taught by the teacher – 8 students (5.3%); chronic illnesses and other health problems – 6 students (3.9%) and lack of learning motivation – 5 pupils (3.3%). There are no statistically significant differences between the responses in the groups formed by the three factors studied. It could provoke serious concerns that the largest proportion of students are not able to differentiate the reasons for their school failure, which suggests that they would hardly overvome it. This study attempts to identify the most common reasons for dropping out of school. Respondents are asked Question 24: “Children who leave school early, most often have ...” with a choice of co-op answers. In answering this question, there are no statistically significant differences in the factors under review.

The answers with the greatest descriptive power are: low interest in learning – 57 students (37.5%), followed by serious difficulties in learning the material – 35 students (23.0%) and parents who do not support them – 21 students (13.8%). The answers given in the first two positions, which combined the opinion of the largest number of students (a total share of 60.5%), are in correlation. They are mutually presupposed. The weak interest in learning, as a consequence, contributes to serious difficulties in learning the material. On the other hand, the difficulties in learning the study material imply lowering the level of student motivation for exercising study work. Thirdly, with almost equal share, are the problems with teachers – 19 students (12.5%); problems with classmates – 18 students (11.8%); financial difficulties of the family – 17 students (11.2%); positive attitudes to early marriage – 17 students (11.2%) and health problems – 17 students (11.2%). The financial difficulties of the family, as well as the attitudes for early marriage, are the most differentiated in the responses of the representatives of the Roma ethnic group. Fewer representations include: taking care of some of the family members (younger brothers/sisters, sick relatives, etc.) – 11 students (7.2%); drug/alcohol abuse problems – 8 students (5.3%); an obligation to work to financially support their family – 7 students (4.6%). Such answers are mainly given by students who are representatives of the Roma ethnic group. The smallest is the number of students who chose the option “problems with the law” – 3 students (2.0%), chosen only by boys living in the city. There are no statistically significant differences in responses to this issue between different ethnic groups of students.

Educational reasons for dropping out of school are highlighted by respondents with the highest significance among all other reasons. This provokes us to find out if students find any positive characteristics of the school, and if they find out such, what they like the most about school. Students are asked Question 28 “What do you like most about school?”. The question has the option of multiple choices of answers - students can choose among the five possible answers. As the best thing in school, respondents determine the ability to interact with their friends and classmates – 50.3%, followed by favorite subjects and interesting school hours – 23.2%, and teachers – 16.6%.

Table 5. Man-Whitney U test, question 28

What do youlike most aboutschool?Mann-Whitney U1465,000Wilcoxon W8368,000Z-2,029Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed),042

a. Grouping Variable: Place of residence

There is a statistically significant difference in the responses to this question by the “Place of residence” factor, between the deduced and ranged meanings established by Mann-Whitney's nonparametric test for two independent samples. In comparison, the U-test found a statistically significant difference (U = 1465.00, Z = -2.029, p = 0.042, r = -0.165). On the Cowen scale the force of the ratio (r = -0,17) is defined as small and bending to the typical (0,10 <r <0,30).

Our research focus is on identifying what students are relying on so that they have a higher success at school that would help them to stay longer in the learning space. Respondents are asked Question 29 “What helps you to achieve better success at school?”. The question provides the possibility of a multiple choice of answers. Among the most important factors for their school achievement, the students point out family support – 41.1%, followed by teacher support – 27.2%, friends’ support – 14.6%. The fourth position is taken the option “my own merits”, by choosing the answer “myself” – 15.2%. The least significant are the answers given by “other people in my community” – 1.3% and support from the pedagogical adviser – 0.7%. The specifics of these answers reveal a tendency, according to which students perceive their parents and teachers as authoritative individuals in their lives. This implies that in their quest for success they rely heavily on their help and support. Towards the end of the fourth grade (the eleventh year of age), personal self-esteem is characterized by relative autonomy and objectivity (Teneva, 2012: 73). This trend is also highlighted in the answers of the surveyed students, whose age is in the range of 11 – 17 years. The results indicate that 15.2% of the respondents believe in their own abilities and rely on themselves for achieving high school success.

There is a statistically significant difference in the Kruskal-Wallace test on the ethnicity factor of this question (χ2 (2) = 21,440 p =, 000).

By comparison, the Man-Whitney U test (post-hoc) establishes the dependencies presented in Table 6.

Table 6. Man-Whitney U test, question № 29

GroupsUZprRoma-Bulgarian1420,500-3,727,0000,32Bulgarian -other201,500-3,848,0000,43Roma - other434,500-1,547,1220,16

Using the adjusted Bonferoni coefficient (p = 0.0167), there is a statistically significant difference between the assertions about what helps the students for their better school success among the representatives of the three ethnic groups of respondents. The impact strength (r) on the Cowen scale is defined as typical and larger than the typical in the comparison of the Bulgarian and the Roma, on the one hand, and the Bulgarian and the self-identified as “other” ethnic groups. It is determined to be insignificant, tending to weak, when comparing the Roma and the “other” group. At the highest level, pupils of Bulgarian descent rely on support from parents and their teachers, while Roma students mostly rely on support from teachers, friends, and in third place on their parents. This has its logical explanation as the students surveyed indicated that a total of 31.6% of their mothers have primary or basic education (13.2% with primary and 18.4% with basic education) and as many of their fathers have such education but with different distribution (8.6% with primary and 23% with basic education). With no education at all are 9.4% of the mothers and 7.2% of the fathers who are parents of the Roma children. The lack of education, as well as the low level of parental education, correlates with low confidence in them on the part of the students as factors contributing to higher school success. This provokes the need for these students to seek help in overcoming school problems outside their family.

Conclusion

As a result of the conducted research, we drew the following conclusions:

1. Among the reasons for early school leaving, with the highest importance the students highlight the educational reasons.

2. The attractiveness of the school is mainly found in the possibility of interacting with the group of classmates and friends, followed by the favorite subjects and the interesting school hours.

3. In the event of school problems, they are most likely to seek help from their friends, then from their parents and their teachers. With the lowest degree of confidence is regarded the help from the pedagogical counselor/psychologist in the school, whose professional characteristics include namely help and support for the students.

4. The difficulties in school the students associate to the highest degree with the lack of discipline in class and the ineffective teaching methods of the teacher.

For the overcoming of the school difficulties and the improvement of their school success, students rely to the highest degree on the support from their family and their teachers.

The research hypothesis was confirmed. Differentiated are educational reasons for dropping out of school, as well as factors and prerequisites related to the research problem. They are credible grounds for creating an effective pedagogical approach whose implementation in the school practice helps to optimize the pedagogical interaction and to reduce the number of dropouts from school.

NOTES

1. Lisbon European Council 23 and 24 March 2000. Presidency Conclusions.

2. European Qualifications Framework for Lifelong Learning (ЕQFLL) http:// ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/publ/pdf/broch_bg.pdf [visited on 14.04.2018].

3. Strategy for prevention and reduction of the share of dropouts and early school leavers (2013 – 2020) – www.strategy.bg/FileHandler.ash?filed=3302 [visited on 16.04.2018].

4. Instruction for implementation of project activities SUCCESS http://uspeh.mon. bg [visited on 16.04.2018].

5. Learning: The treasure within. Report to UNESCO of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-first Century, http://www.unesco.org/ education/pdf/15_62.pdf [visited on 12.04.2018].

6. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/lis1_en.htm [visited on 05.04.2018].

7. National program “At school without absences” -https://www.mon. bg/?h=downloadFile&fileId=5675 [visited on 18.04.2018].

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MAXIMIZING STUDENTS’ LEARNING IN MARITIME ENGLISH ONLINE COURSE

Prof. Dr. Valentyna Kudryavtseva, Dr. Svitlana Barsuk, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Olena Frolova, Assoc. Prof.

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ОЦЕНКА НА ОБЩООБРАЗОВАТЕЛНИТЕ И РЕСУРСНИТЕ УЧИТЕЛИ ЗА РАБОТА В ПАРАДИГМАТА НА ПРИОБЩАВАЩОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

Проф. д.п.н. Милен Замфиров, проф. д-р Емилия Евгениева, проф. д-р Маргарита Бакрачева

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Книжка 4
COMPARISON OF 3

Dr. Zeynep Sonay Ay, Assist. Prof.

СЛОВА ЗА ТРИНАДЕСЕТ ПЕДАГОЗИ И ПСИХОЛОЗИ

Проф. д.пс. и д.п.н. Любен Ст. Георгиев

ЗА ПРИОБЩАВАЩАТА КЛАСНА СТАЯ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНА СРЕДА

Проф. д.п.н. Дора Левтерова-Гаджалова

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СПИРАЛАТА ОБЩЕСТВО – ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

Проф. д-р Иванка Шивачева-Пинеда

ПРОУЧВАНЕ УДОВЛЕТВОРЕНОСТТА НА МЛАДИТЕ ХОРА В БЪЛГАРИЯ ОТ ОНЛАЙН ОБУЧЕНИЕТО

Проф. д-р Веселина Иванова Проф. д.п.н. Елеонора Милева

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СРАВНИТЕЛЕН АНАЛИЗ НА НАГЛАСИТЕ НА ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛИ И СТУДЕНТИ КЪМ ПЛАТФОРМАТА ЗА ДИСТАНЦИОННО ОБУЧЕНИЕ MOODLE В КОНТЕКСТА НА ПАНДЕМИЯТА ОТ COVID-19

Проф. д-р Веселина Вълканова, проф. д.н. Андреана Ефтимова, гл. ас. д-р Мая Стоянова, ас. д-р Йордан Карапенчев

ПРОЕКТНО БАЗИРАНО ОБУЧЕНИЕ ЗА СОЦИАЛНО-ЕМОЦИОНАЛНИ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЧНИ УМЕНИЯ ЧРЕЗ ПРОГРАМАТА „УМЕНИЯ ЗА ИНОВАЦИИ“

Проф. д-р Галин Цоков, д-р Александър Ангелов Йоанна Минчева Рени Димова, Мария Цакова

МЕДИЙНАТА ГРАМОТНОСТ И УЧИТЕЛИТЕ

Доц. д-р Светла Цанкова, доц. д-р Стела Ангова, гл. ас. д-р Мария Николова, гл. ас. д-р Иван Вълчанов, гл. ас. д-р Илия Вълков, д-р Георги Минев

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INTONATION AND CHILDREN WITH EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS

Dr. Katerina Zlatkova-Doncheva, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Vladislav Marinov, Assoc. Prof.

ADVANTAGES OF USING GEOGEBRA SOFTWARE WHEN EXAMINING THE FLOW AND DRAWING A GRAPH OF A FUNCTION

Dr. Elena Gelova, Assist. Prof. Dr. Mirjana Vitanova, Assist. Prof.

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ДИСЦИПЛИНАРНАТА ПАРАДИГМА НА ДЖОН ЛОК

Проф. д-р Наталия Витанова

ЕЛЕКТРОННОТО ОБУЧЕНИЕ В КОНТЕКСТА НА ПРОДЪЛЖАВАЩАТА КВАЛИФИКАЦИЯ НА ДЪРЖАВНИТЕ СЛУЖИТЕЛИ

Доц. д-р Благовесна Йовкова, проф. д-р Румяна Пейчева-Форсайт

2022 година
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ТРАНСГРЕСИВНО-СИНЕРГИЧНО КАРИЕРНО РАЗВИТИЕ В „НЕФОРМАЛНО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ“ В УНИВЕРСИТЕТА

Проф. д.п.н Яна Рашева-Мерджанова, проф. д.п.н. Моника Богданова, доц. д-р Илиана Петкова

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ADOPTION OF LMS MOODLE TOOLS IN STUDENT LEARNING – IN LINE WITH TEACHING PRACTICES

Dr. Silviya Blagoeva-Karamfilova, Assoc. Prof., Dr. Silvia Parusheva, Assoc. Prof.

INTEGRATING INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION IN THE PRIMARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM

Bujar Adili, Prof. Dr. Sonja Petrovska, Gzim Xhambazi

НАГЛАСИ НА БЪДЕЩИТЕ ДЕТСКИ УЧИТЕЛИ КЪМ STEM ПОДХОДА

Проф. д.н. Наталия Павлова Михаела Тончева

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НАЦИОНАЛНАТА ИДЕЯ НА ПАИСИЙ ХИЛЕНДАРСКИ

(Посвещава се на 300-годишнината от рождението на св. Паисий Хилендарски (1722 – 1773)) Проф. д.п.н. Йордан Колев, доц. д-р Надежда Кръстева

GENDER DIFFERENTIATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Dr. Nadiia Vientseva, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Olga Starokozhko

ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА ОСНОВНА ГЛАГОЛНА ЛЕКСИКА В БЪЛГАРСКИ ЕЗИК ПРИ УЧЕНИЦИ В НАЧАЛЕН ЕТАП НА ОБУЧЕНИЕ ЧРЕЗ ОНЛАЙН ИГРИ

Гл. ас. д-р Мария Тодорова, гл. ас. д-р Цветана Димитрова, гл. ас. д-р Валентина Стефанова

140 ГОДИНИ ПРЕДУЧИЛИЩНО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ: ПОСТИЖЕНИЯ И ХОРИЗОНТИ

Енгелс-Критидис, Р., 2022. 140 години предучилищно образование в България: постижения и хоризонти. Юбилеен сборник. София: УИ „Св. Климент Охридски“, ISBN 978-954-07-5471-0

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COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS IN CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL-PEDAGOGICAL WORK

Dr. Mirko Miletic, DSc. Dr. Marko Djordjevic, Assoc. Prof.

МОДЕЛ НА УЧИЛИЩНА ГОТОВНОСТ

Доц. д-р Ася Велева

ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКО ПРЕДМЕТНО ЗНАНИЕ В ПРИРОДОНАУЧНОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ: ТРУДНОСТИ ПО ОРГАНИЧНА ХИМИЯ

Доц. д-р Александрия Генджова, д-р Нина Маркова, Калин Чакъров

MODERN PRACTICE OF USING INTERACTIVE FORMS AND METHODS OF PREVENTIVE EDUCATION OF THE STUDENT YOUTH

Dr. Svitlana Surgova, Assist. Prof., Dr. Olena Faichuk, Assist. Prof.

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МОДЕЛ НА ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО НА БЪДЕЩЕТО

Проф. д-р Наталия Витанова

THE TECHNOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATIVE CULTURE OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Prof. Dr. Mariia Oliiar , Prof. Dr. Nataliia Blahun , Prof. Dr. Halyna Bilavych , Prof. Dr. Nataliia Bakhmat Prof. Dr. Tetyana Pantyuk

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TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES BOUT TEACHING AND LEARNING MATHEMATICS

Dr. Aleksandra Mihajlović, Assoc. Prof. Prof. Emina Kopas-Vukašinović, DSc. Vladimir Stanojević

STUDENTS` ACTIVITIES IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT

Dr. Tatiana Shopova, Assoc. Prof.

EDUCATION 4.0 – THE CHANGE OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND THE LABOUR MARKET

Dr. Gergana Dimitrova, Assist. Prof., Dr. Blaga Madzhurova, Assist. Prof., Dr. Stefan Raychev, Assoc. Prof., Dr. Dobrinka Stoyanova, Assoc.Prof.

TESTS IN SPECIALIZED LATIN FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES

Petkova, G., 2021. Tests for practice in class and self-preparation in Latin and specialized terminology for students of “Medicine”, “Dental medicine”, and “Pharmacy”. Part 1. Alphabet, pronunciation and accentuation; first and second declension – nouns and adjectives, complex clinical terms (Greek by origin). Plovdiv: Koala Press Publishing, ISBN 978-619-7536-94-2.

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TEACHING IN THE DIGITAL AGE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Prof. Dr. Madeleine Danova Prof. Danail Danov, DSc.

DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMICS

Dr. Baktybek Keldibekov, Assoc. Prof. Shailoobek Karagulov

DIGITAL UNIVERSITIES: FEATURES AND KEY CHARACTERISTICS

Dr. Marina Skiba, Assoc. Prof. Prof. Maktagali Bektemessov, DSc. Dr. Alma Turganbayeva, Assist. Prof.

FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE “SELF” CONCEPT OF STUDENTS USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Berik Matayev Prof. Dr. Kadisha Shalgynbayeva Dr. Zaru Kulsharipova, Assoc. Prof.

TEACHING ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION DURING THE COVID PANDEMIC

Dr. Snezhina Dimitrova, Assoc. Prof.

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MODULAR-CYBERNETIC APPROACH FOR DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS – FUTURE TEACHERS

Assoc. Prof. Nikolay Tsankov, DSc. Dr. Ivo Damyanov, Assist. Prof.

INFLUENCE OF FAMILY EDUCATION ON THE PSYCHOPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIALIZATION OF A CHILD WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES

Dr. Svitlana Mykhalska, Assoc. Prof., Prof. Dr. Svitlana Myronova, Dr. Maryana Buinyak

HUMANE EDUCATION – BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES

Dr. Anna Arnaudova-Otouzbirova, Assist. Prof.

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TWO-TIER MODEL OF TRAINING FUTURE TEACHERS FOR COACHING AT OUT-OF-SCHOOL INSTITUTIONS

Prof. Dr. Borys Savchuk Prof. Dr. Tetyana Pantyuk Dr. Natalia Sultanova, Assoc. Prof. Prof. Dr. Halyna Bilavych Prof. Dr. Mykola Pantyuk

UNIVERSITY LEARNING OUTCOMES: STATEMENT OF THE ISSUE WITHIN THE THEORY OF ILL-POSED PROBLEMS

Dr. Alma Turganbayeva Prof. Maktagali Bektemessov, DSc. Prof. Dr. Marina Skiba

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HEURISTIC POTENTIAL OF TRANSFORMATIVE LEARNING IDEAS

Prof. Dr. Svitlana Hanaba Dr. Olena Voitiuk, Assoc. Prof.

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ НА ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНИ ПОДКАСТИ В ПРОФЕСИОНАЛНАТА ПОДГОТОВКА НА БЪДЕЩИ УЧИТЕЛИ ПО БИОЛОГИЯ

(В условията на епидемична обстановка, причинена от COVID-19) Доц. д-р Ася Асенова

2021 година
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ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕТО МЕЖДУ ФОРМАЛНОТО И НЕФОРМАЛНОТО ЗДРАВНО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

Доц. д-р Вержиния Боянова Гл. ас. д-р Константин Теодосиев Гл. ас. д-р Берджухи Йорданова

FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF ASSISTANT TEACHER OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Prof. Dr. Vladyslava Liubarets, Prof. Dr. Nataliia Bakhmat, Prof. Dr. Olena Matviienko, Oksana Tsykhmeistruk, Inna Feltsan

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ОТНОСНО ЗАДЪЛЖИТЕЛНОСТТА НА ПРЕДУЧИЛИЩНОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ – РЕЗУЛТАТИ ОТ ЕДНО ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ

Проф. д-р Маргарита Колева, доц. д-р Блага Джорова, д-р Ева Жечева

INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES OF STUDENTS ON THEIR ACTIVITY IN SELF-EDUCATION

Dr. Iryna Sereda, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Svitlana Karskanova, Assoc. Prof.

CENTRALISATION AND DECENTRALISATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HUNGARY AND GERMANY

Carla Liege Rodrigues Pimenta, Prof. Dr. Zolt†n R–nay, Prof. Dr. Andr†s Nmet

ЗА ПРИОБЩАВАНЕТО, ОБУЧЕНИЕТО И РАЗВИТИЕТО НА ДЕЦА И УЧЕНИЦИ С ИНТЕЛЕКТУАЛНИ ЗАТРУДНЕНИЯ

Златкова-Дончева, К. (2021). Приобщаване, обучение и развитие на деца и ученици с интелектуални затруднения. Бургас: Либра СКОРП, ISBN 978-954-471-705-6

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CONCEPT OF PRESENT PRACTICE IN CHOOSING OF OPTIMAL NUMBER OF TUGS

Rino Bošnjak, Zvonimir Lušić , Filip Bojić, Dario Medić

S-101 CHARTS, DATABASE TABLES FOR S-101 CHARTS, AUTONOMOUS VESSEL

Vladimir Brozović, Danko Kezić, Rino Bošnjak, Filip Bojić

INFLUENCE OF HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL ELEMENTS ON THE SHIP MANOEUVRING IN THE CITY PORT OF SPLIT

Zvonimir Lušić , Nenad Leder, Danijel Pušić, Rino Bošnjak

MEETING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS – EXPERIENCE FROM THE LARGEST SHIPPING COMPANIES

Katarina Balić , Helena Ukić Boljat, Gorana Jelić Mrčelić, Merica Slišković

OPTIMISING THE REFERENCE POINT WITHIN A JOURNAL BEARING USING LASER ALIGNMENT

Ty Aaron Smith , Guixin Fan , Natalia Nikolova , Kiril Tenekedjiev

REVIEW OF THE CURRENT INCREASE OF NOISE UNIT COST VALUES IN TRANSPORT

Luka Vukić , Ivan Peronja , Mihaela Bukljaš , Alen Jugović

TARGET DETECTION FOR VISUAL COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM

Miro Petković, Danko Kezić, Igor Vujović, Ivan Pavić

NEW RESULTS FOR TEACHING SHIP HANDLING USING FAST TIME SIMULATION

Knud Benedict , MichŽle Schaub , Michael Baldauf , Michael Gluch , Matthias Kirchhoff , Caspar Krüger

POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF ELECTRICALY DRIVEN FERRY, CASE STUDY

Tina Perić, Ladislav Stazić, Karlo Bratić

SITUATIONAL AWARENESS – KEY SAFETY FACTOR FOR THE OFFICER OF THE WATCH

Hrvoje Jaram, Pero Vidan, Srđan Vukša, Ivan Pavić

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ХАОС(ЪТ)

Проф. д.н. Йордан Колев

INCLUSIVE INTELLIGENCE

Dr. Aleksandar Krastev, Assist. Prof.

EDUCATION OF MORAL CULTURE OF STUDENT YOUTH IN THE CONDITIONS OF POLYCULTURAL SPACE

Dr. Natalia Bondarenko, Assoc. Prof. Yevhen Rozdymakha Dr. Lyudmila Oderiy, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Anatoly Rozdymakha, Assoc. Prof. Dilyana Arsova, PhD student

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN KOSOVO – RESEARCH OF TRAINING PROGRAMS AND TESTS

Prof. Bekim Samadraxha Veton Alihajdari Prof. Besim Mustafa

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EVALUATION OF CRUISER TRAFFIC VARIABLES IN SEAPORTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

Maja Račić, Katarina Balić, Mira Pavlinović, Antonija Mišura

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONTRACTS FOR MARITIME TRANSPORT SERVICES. CHAIN OF CHARTER PARTIES

Svetlana Dimitrakieva, Ognyan Kostadinov, Christiana Atanasova

THE LIGHTSHIP MASS CALCULATION MODEL OF A MERCHANT SHIP BY EMPIRICAL METHODS

Vedran Slapničar , Katarina Zadro , Viktor Ložar , Ivo Ćatipović

ON EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN MARITIME COMMUNICATIONS AND THE GMDSS DURING THE COVID-19

Chavdar Alexandrov, Grozdyu Grozev, Georgi Dimitrov, Avgustin Hristov

AIR POLLUTANT EMISSION MEASUREMENT

Nikola Račić, Branko Lalić, Ivan Komar, Frane Vidović, Ladislav Stazić

ASSESSMENT OF LNG BUNKERING ACCIDENTS

Peter Vidmar, Andrej Androjna

EGR OPERATION INFLUENCE ON THE MARINE ENGINE EFFICIENCY

Delyan Hristov, Ivan Ivanov, Dimitar Popov

THE MEASUREMENT OF EXHAUST GAS EMISSIONS BY TESTO 350 MARITIME – EXHAUST GAS ANALYZER

Bruna Bacalja, Maja Krčum, Tomislav Peša, Marko Zubčić

PROPELLER LOAD MODELLING IN THE CALCULATIONS OF MARINE SHAFTING TORSIONAL VIBRATIONS

Nenad Vulić, Karlo Bratić, Branko Lalić, Ladislav Stazić

MODELING OF THE DEPENDENCE OF CO

Hristo Hristov, Ivailo Bakalov, Bogdan Shopov, Dobromir Yovkov

TECHNICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF MARINE EQUIPMENT WITH PSEUDO-DISCRETE FEATURES

Guixin Fan , Natalia Nikolova , Ty Smith , Kiril Tenekedjiev

CONTRIBUTION TO THE REDUCTION OF THE SHIP’S SWITCHBOARD BY APPLYING SENSOR TECHNOLOGY

Nediljko Kaštelan, Marko Zubčić, Maja Krčum, Miro Petković

THE STAND FOR FIN DRIVES ENERGY TESTING

Andrzej Grządziela , Marcin Kluczyk , Tomislav Batur

INTRODUCTION OF 3D PRINTING INTO MARINE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION – A CASE STUDY

Ivica Kuzmanić, Igor Vujović, Zlatan Kulenović, Miro Petković

SHIPYARD CRANE MODELING METHODS

Pawel Piskur , Piotr Szymak , Bartosz Larzewski

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A STUDY OF PARENTS' READINESS TO RAISE CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES

Dr. Maryana Buinyak, Assist. Prof. Prof. Dr. Svitlana Myronova

TEACHERS' PERSPECTIVE ON THE EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF ONLINE TEACHING

Dr. Julien-Ferencz Kiss, Prof. Dr. Florica Orțan, Dr. Laurențiu Mˆndrea

ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИ ПРАВИЛА, МОДЕЛИ НА ДОБРИ ПРАКТИКИ И ПРЕПОРЪКИ ПРИ РАБОТАТА И ОБУЧЕНИЕТО НА ДЕЦА И УЧЕНИЦИ С ПОВЕДЕНЧЕСКИ РАЗСТРОЙСТВА

Тричков, Ив., 2019. Психолого-педагогически правила, модели на добри прак- тики и препоръки при работата и обучението на деца и ученици

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ФИДАНА ДАСКАЛОВА ЗА ПЕДАГОГИКАТА

Маргарита Колева, Йордан Колев

ВОЕННОМОРСКОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ – ЕДИН РАЗЛИЧЕН ПОГЛЕД

Кожухаров, А. (2021). Личните академични документи на българската военна образователна система (1892 – 1946). Варна: ВВМУ, ISBN 978-619-7428-55-1

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Книжка 3
НЕВРОДИДАКТИКА

Наталия Витанова

МОНТЕСОРИ МЕТОДЪТ И ПРИОБЩАВАЩАТА ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНА СРЕДА

Балканска, Н. (2020). Монтесори методът и приобщаващата образователна среда. София: ИК „Феномен“, ISBN: 978- 954-549-144-3

ЗА АСИСТИРАЩИТЕ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННИТЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО

Сивакова, В. (2020). Асистиращи и информационни технологии

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ОВЛАДЯВАНЕ НА КЛЮЧОВИ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ ПРИ ОРИЕНТИРАНЕ В СВЕТА

Стоянова, М. (2019). Овладяване на ключови компетенции при ориентиране в света. София: Авангард принт, ISBN 978-954-337-398-7 374

Книжка 1
BULGARIAN SCHOOL – SHOWCASE OF IDENTITY

Veska Gyuviyska, Nikolay Tsankov

ЗА ИЗБОРА НА УЧЕБЕН КОМПЛЕКТ ПО БЪЛГАРСКИ ЕЗИК И ЛИТЕРАТУРА В НАЧАЛЕН ЕТАП. И ЗА ОБУЧЕНИЕТО

Георгиева, А. (2020). Съвременни проекции на обучението по български език

КОНТРОЛ НА СТРЕСА. ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИ И УПРАВЛЕНСКИ РАКУРСИ

Стоянов, В. (2020). Управление на стреса в организацията. Психологически и управленски ракурси. 198 cтр., Варна: Стено, ISBN 978-619-241-119-0

2020 година
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EDUCATIONAL REASONS FOR EARLY SCHOOL DROP-OUT

Maria Teneva, Zlatka Zhelyazkova

ДИАГНОСТИКА НА БЪРНАУТ СИНДРОМ ПРИ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИТЕ СПЕЦИАЛИСТИ – СТРАТЕГИИ ЗА СПРАВЯНЕ С ХРОНИЧНИЯ СТРЕС НА РАБОТНОТО МЯСТО

Янакиев, Ю. (2019). Диагностика на бърнаут синдром при педагогическите специалисти. Стратегии за справяне с хроничния стрес на работното

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TEACHING CHALLENGES IN SPORTS EDUCATION DURING THE PANDEMIC COVID-19

Evelina Savcheva, Galina Domuschieva-Rogleva

THE DIFFERENCES IN STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES ABOUT ONLINE TEACHING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Aleksić Veljković Aleksandra , Slađana Stanković , Irena Golubović-Ilić , Katarina Herodek

ONLINE EDUCATION DURING PANDEMIC, ACCORDING TO STUDENTS FROM TWO BULGARIAN UNIVERSITIES

Antoaneta Getova¹ , Eleonora Mileva² , Boryana Angelova-Igova²

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ПОДГОТОВКАТА НА ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИ КАДРИ ЗА ПРЕДУЧИЛИЩНИТЕ ВЪЗПИТАТЕЛНИ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯ ПРЕЗ ПЕРИОДА 1944 – 1991 ГОДИНА

Въчева, С. (2019). Подготовката на педагогически кадри за предучилищните възпитателни заведения през периода

ПАЗАРНИ МЕХАНИЗМИ В УЧИЛИЩНОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ. ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРИЛОЖНИ ВЪПРОСИ

Първанова, Й. (2020) Пазарни механизми в училищното образование. Теоретико-приложни въпроси. София: Колбис, ISBN 978-619-7284-35-5

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TEACHERS ATTITUDES ABOUT INTEGRATED APPROACH IN TEACHING

Emina Kopas-Vukašinović, Aleksandra Mihajlović, Olivera Cekić-Jovanović

ЗА ДОСТЪПА ДО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НА ДЕЦА И УЧЕНИЦИ СЪС СПЕЦИАЛНИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНИ ПОТРЕБНОСТИ

Янкова, Ж. (2019). Детерминанти в достъпа до образование на деца и

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КОНЦЕПТУАЛНИ МОДЕЛИ ЗА РАЗРАБОТВАНЕ НА ПОЗНАВАТЕЛНИ ОНЛАЙН ИГРИ В ОБЛАСТТА НА КУЛТУРНОТО НАСЛЕДСТВО

Детелин Лучев, Десислава Панева-Мариновa, Радослав Павлов Гита Сенка Лилия Павлова

ТАЛАНТЛИВ ПЕДАГОГ И КУЛТУРЕН ДЕЕЦ

Севда Чобанова, Любен Десев

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A CONTINUUM OF APPROACHES TO SCHOOL INSPECTIONS: CASES FROM EUROPE

Rossitsa Simeonova, Yonka Parvanova Martin Brown, Sarah Gardezi, Joe O’Hara, Gerry McNamara Laura del Castillo Blanco Zacharoula Kechri, Eleni Beniata

V. O. SUKHOMLYNSKY EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AS А FORMING BASIS FOR PERSONALITY MORAL QUALITIES

(On the occasion of the 100th anniversary) Svitlana Surgova, Olena Faichuk

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2019 година
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МОДЕЛ НА РАБОТА В ИНТЕРКУЛТУРНА СРЕДА

(Научноизследователска саморефлексия)

RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY SCHOOL LEAVING IN BULGARIA

Elena Lavrentsova, Petar Valkov

ПРИНОСИ НА ЕЛКА ПЕТРОВА ЗА БЪЛГАРСКОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

(100 години от рождението на проф. д.п.н. Елка Петрова – 27.10.1919 – 21.12.2012)

СВОЕОБРАЗЕН ВРЪХ В МЕТОДИКАТА НА ОБУЧЕНИЕТО ПО БЪЛГАРСКИ ЕЗИК В НАЧАЛНИТЕ КЛАСОВЕ

Христозова, Г. (2018). Обучението по български език в I – IV клас (граматика, правопис, правоговор, пунктуация). Габрово: ЕКС-ПРЕС

ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ НА КОНТРОЛНАТА ДЕЙНОСТ В ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО

Гьорева, Р. (2019). Контролната дейност в образованието. Благоевград: Макрос. ISBN 978-954-561-471-2

НАСОКИ ЗА ПРИОБЩАВАНЕ НА МАРГИНАЛНИ СЕМЕЙНИ ОБЩНОСТИ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНИТЕ ИНСТИТУЦИИ

Нунев, Й. (2019). Насоки за приобщаване на маргинални семейни общности в образователните институции. Велико Търново: Св. св. Кирил и Методий, ISBN 978-619-208-186-7

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ДИОФАНТОВИ УРАВНЕНИЯ И СИСТЕМИ ДИОФАНТОВИ УРАВНЕНИЯ – ТЕОРЕТИЧНИ АСПЕКТИ И МЕТОДИЧЕСКА ПРОЕКЦИЯ В НАЧАЛНИЯ ЕТАП НА ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

Владимира Ангелова. (2018). Диофантови уравнения и системи диофантови уравнения – теоретични аспекти и методическа проекция в начален етап на образование. Пловдив: Паисий Хилендарски, ISBN 978-619-202-394-2

ЕДНА НОВА КНИГА ЗА ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИТЕ УМЕНИЯ НА УЧИТЕЛИТЕ

Николай Колишев. (2018). Теория на педагогическите умения на учителите. София: Захарий Стоянов, ISBN: 9789540912066

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ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ НА ИЗСЛЕДОВАТЕЛСКИЯ ПОДХОД ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИЕ НА СТУДЕНТИ ПЕДАГОЗИ

(върху примера на обучение по академичната дисциплина „Съвременни аспекти на гражданското образование“ на студенти педагози)

LEARNING MATURITY

Alina G“mbuță Daniela-Carmen Berințan Marijana Mikulandra Krzysztof Kij Katja Sivka

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ДЕТЕТО И ПЕДАГОГИКАТА

Рашева-Мерджанова, Ян., Петкова, Ил. & Господинов, Вл. (съст.). (2018). Детето и педагогиката. София: Просвета, ISBN 978-954-01-3806-0

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УВАЖАЕМИ КОЛЕГИ,

Редакционната колегия на списание „Педаго- гика“ ви честити Новата 2019 година! Пожела- ваме ви от сърце тя да бъде щастлива, успешна и благословена! През отминалата юбилейна 2018 г. публику- вахме редица стойностни материали на универ- ситетски преподаватели, учители, разнородни специалисти, работещи в сферата на образова- нието, докторанти. Отбелязани бяха поредица от тематични конференции и юбилейни празни- ци. Получихме и международно признание чрез включването на списанието

УЧЕНИЧЕСКО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЕ

Желязкова-Тея, Т. & Банчева, М. (2018). Ученическото самоуправление. София: Аз-буки. ISBN: 978-619-7065-20-6

2018 година
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ПРАВАТА НА ДЕТЕТО ПРЕЗ ПОГЛЕДА НА СТУДЕНТИ ПЕДАГОЗИ

Йорданка Николова, Даниела Рачева

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СПОДЕЛЕНО МНЕНИЕ

Николова, М. & Михалева, Б. (2018). С увереност срещу агресията и кон-

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РАДОСТТА ОТ ОБЩУВАНЕТО НА ЧУЖД ЕЗИК В ДЕТСТВОТО

Екатерина Софрониева, Христина Белева

НОВО ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАКТИЧЕСКО ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА ДЕТСКОТО ТВОРЧЕСТВО

Енгелс-Критидис, Р. (2018). Децата и творчеството. Юбилеен сборник в чест

ПРОФ. Д-Р ЕЛЕНА РУСИНОВА-БАХУДЕЙЛА

Розалина Енгелс-Критидис

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ПОЗИТИВНА УЧЕБНА СРЕДА

Валентина Шарланова

SENIOR CITIZENS’ EXISTENTIAL NEEDS AND EDUCATION FOR THE MEANING OF LIFE

Joanna Łukasik, Norbert Pikuła, Katarzyna Jagielska

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ПЛАНОМЕРНО ПСИХИЧЕСКО РАЗВИТИЕ

(По случай 115 г. от рождението на П.Я. Галперин)

ПАРАДИГМАТА СЕМИОТИКА – ЕЗИК – ДЕТЕ ПРИ 6 – 7-ГОДИШНИТЕ

Жоржетина Атанасова, Любимка Габрова

ПАРАРОДИТЕЛСКАТА ГРИЖА ВЪВ ФОКУСА НА ЕДИН СОЦИАЛНОПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИ АНАЛИЗ

Ковачка, Ю. (2017). Социалнопедагогически проблеми при деца с парародителска грижа. Благоевград: УИ „Неофит Рилски“, 144 стр. ISBN: 9789540001340

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ДЕТСКИ КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ

Боряна Иванова

СТЕРЕОТИПИЗАЦИЯ НА ЕТНИЧЕСКИТЕ ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЯ ПРИ СЪВРЕМЕННИТЕ МЛАДИ БЪЛГАРИ

Зорница Ганева. (2017). Стереотипизация на етническите взаимоотношения при съвременните млади българи. София: Елестра. ISBN 978-619-7292-03-9

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СЪВРЕМЕННИ МЕТАМОРФОЗИ НА ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЯТА В ДЕТСКАТА ГРУПА

Веселина Иванова, Виолета Кърцелянска-Станчева

SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES AS SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

Emilj Sulejmani Shikjerije Sulejmani

ОТНОСНО УСЕТА ЗА БРОЕНЕ

Петър Петров, Мима Трифонова

НАСИЛИЕТО НЕ РЕШАВА КОНФЛИКТИ

Дронзина, Т., Михалева, Б. (2017). Защо медиация? София: Сиела. ISBN 978-954-28-2482-4

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УВАЖАЕМИ КОЛЕГИ И ПРИЯТЕЛИ,

Редакционната колегия на сп.„Педагогика“ Ви честити Новата 2018 г. Пожелаваме ви тя да бъде здрава, щедра и благословена! Тази година списанието чества своя юбилей – 90 години от неговото публикуване за първи път през 1928 г. с името „Народна просвета“. От деня на създаване до сега, то отразява актуал- ните проблеми на педагогическата наука и прак- тика и остава верен спътник на хиляди научни работници, учители, докторанти. Вярваме, че силата на творческата ни енергия ще пом

ДОБРИ ПРАКТИКИ „ПАРТНЬОРСТВО РОДИТЕЛИ – УЧИЛИЩЕ“

Мехмед Имамов, Калинка Гайтанинчева

2017 година
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ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОТО УЧЕНИЕ НА Й. ФР. ХЕРБАРТ – ИСТОРИЯ И СЪВРЕМЕННОСТ

(По повод 240 г. от неговото рождение) Невена Филипова

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ЧЕТЯЩИЯТ СТУДЕНТ, ЧЕТЯЩОТО ДЕТЕ – ЕДНО МАЛКО ПРОЗОРЧЕ, ЕДНА ВЕЛИЧЕСТВЕНА ГЛЕДКА

Мариана Мандева, Боряна Туцева, Габриела Николова, Цветелина Ковачева

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ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ

Нели Митева, Наталия Витанова

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ИЗСЛЕДОВАТЕЛСКО ОБУЧЕНИЕ В АКАДЕМИЧНА СРЕДА

(Научно-теоретична рефлексия) Румяна Неминска

ПРИНОС В ПСИХОЛОГИЯТА НА ТВОРЧЕСТВОТО

(120 години от рождението на Лев Семьонович Виготски) Любен Десев

ЛЕВ СEМЬОНОВИЧ ВИГОТСКИ – ПСИХОЛОГ И НА ХХI ВЕК

(по случай 120 години от рождението му)

ИСКУССТВО В ЖИЗНИ ЛЮДЕЙ

Гульнар Омарова

НОВА И ПОЛЕЗНА КНИГА

Йонка Първанова

ПРИНОСЕН ТРУД КЪМ МЕТОДИКАТА НА ОБУЧЕНИЕТО ПО БЪЛГАРСКИ ЕЗИК И ЛИТЕРАТУРА В НАЧАЛНОТО УЧИЛИЩЕ

М. Мандева (2017). Методика на обучението по български език и литература – I – IV клас. Начално ограмотяване. В. Търново: УИ „Св. св. Кирил и Методий“, 120 стр.

ЕДНО ФУНДАМЕНТАЛНО ИНТЕГРАЛНО ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА РОЛЯТА НА ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО ЗА РАЗВИТИЕТО НА НООСФЕРНИЯ ИНТЕЛЕКТ

Марга Георгиева, Сава Гроздев. (2016). Морфодинамиката за развитието на ноосферния интелект. София: Изток-Запад, ISBN 978-619-152-869-1

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СИСТЕМАТИЧНО ВЪВЕДЕНИЕ В ОБЩАТА И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАТА СИНЕРГЕТИКА

Любен Десев (2015). Синергетика. Въведение и речник. 777 термина. София: ИК „Екопрогрес“. 464 с. ISBN 978-954-2970-37-8

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ПРОБЛЕМИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ В РАЗВИТИЕТО НА ХУДОЖЕСТВЕНОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ У НАС ПРЕЗ ПОГЛЕДА НА ДЕТСКИЯ И НАЧАЛНИЯ УЧИТЕЛ

Теодора Власева, Даниела Гирджева-Валачева, Мария Калоферова, Найден Младенов, Илияна Шотлекова

ЗАКЪСНЯЛО ПРИЗНАНИЕ

Доц. д-р Емилия Николова

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ФАКТОРИ ЗА УСПЕШНО ПРИЛАГАНЕ НА СМЕСЕНО ОБУЧЕНИЕ

Стоянка Георгиева-Лазарова Лъчезар Лазаров

ЗА СТОПЛЕНИТЕ ПЪТЕКИ КЪМ ЛИТЕРАТУРНОТО ПОЗНАНИЕ

Радев, Радослав. 2015. Технология на методите в обучението по литература. Варна: Славена, 247 с., ISBN 978-619-190-041-1

2016 година
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АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ НА ВЪЗПИТАНИЕТО

Кристоф Вулф. (2016). Антропология на възпитанието. София: издателство „Изток-Запад“

ВЕРСИИТЕ В БИОГРАФИИТЕ НА ЛИЧНОСТТА

Другите в биографията на личността (2015), под общата редакция

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IBM SPSS STATISTICS ПРЕЗ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЯ ПОГЛЕД НА ДОЦ. Д-Р ЗОРНИЦА ГАНЕВА

Зорница Ганева (2016). Да преоткрием статистиката с IBM SPSS Statistics. София: Елестра. 712 стр. ISBN 978-619-7292-01-5

НАЧАЛНОТО ОГРАМОТЯВАНЕ – „КЛЮЧ“ ЗА УСПЕШЕН ЖИВОТ В ПРОМЕНЯЩИЯ СЕ СВЯТ

Мариана Мандева, Диляна Гаджева (2016). Начално ограмотяване

ОТ „ЧУДНА И ДИВНА ДАСКАЛЕТИНКА“ ДО ПЕДАГОГИКА ЗА НАЦИОНАЛНО СЛУЧВАНЕ

Виолета Атанасова (2015) Петко Славейков за образованието. Шумен: Унивeрситетско издателство „Епископ Константин Преславски. 208 с. ISBN 978-619-201-051-5

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УЧИЛИЩЕ ЗА ЧЕТЕНЕ

Петя Георгиева Христина Димитрова

ПРАВО В ДЕСЕТКАТА

Ако обичате да правите викторини с интересни езикови въпро- си или да печелите басове, с този прост въпрос можете да ударите право в десетката. Как е правилно: деветка или девятка, десетка или десятка? Въпросът е идеален за басове, защото поне половината българи употребяват грешните форми девятка и десятка (по резултати от търсене в Гугъл), а друга част погрешно смятат, че двойките думи са дублети. Объркването произтича от грешна аналогия с явлението променливо я, което е наследник на ста

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СИНЕРГЕТИКА – НОВО НАУЧНО ПОЗНАНИЕ

(Синергетика – въведение и речник, София: ИК Екопрогрес, 2015 г.)

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НОВА ДИНАМИЧНА МОДИФИКАЦИЯ В ГРАНИЦИТЕ НА „АЗ-КОНЦЕПЦИЯТА“ НА МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОТО МОДЕЛИРАНЕ

Марга Георгиева & Сава Гроздев. (2015). Морфодинамиката за развитието на ноосферния интелект, София: Марга Георгиева. 323 стр. ISBN 9786199052204

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IN MEMORIAM

На 10.12.2015 г. ни напусна нашият колега и приятел проф. д-р Иван Пет ков Иванов. Той беше уважаван учен и експерт в областта на педагогическите науки – автор на 10 монографии, 8 учебника, 10 учебни помагала, 6 студии и над 100 статии в специализирани периодич- ни издания и научни сборници; участник в 28 между- народни и национални проекта; председател и член на експертни групи към НАОА, член на редакционната ко- легия на сп. „Педагогика“. Проф. д-р Иван Иванов беше уважаван и оби

2015 година
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РУСЕНСКИЯТ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

Златоживка Здравкова

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ДИСКУСИЯТА В УРОКА ПО ЛИТЕРАТУРА

Огняна Георгиева-Тенева

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УЧИТЕЛЯТ ПРАВИ УЧИЛИЩЕТО

ЕЗИКОВАТА ГРАМОТНОСТ НА МАЛКИЯ УЧЕНИК – „КЛЮЧ“ ЗА ОТГОВОРЕН И УСПЕШЕН ЖИВОТ В ПРОМЕНЯЩИЯ СЕ СВЯТ

ГОТОВНОСТ ЗА ОГРАМОТЯВАНЕ

Екатерина Чернева

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ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ МЕЖДУ ИСТОРИЯ, АКАДЕМИЗЪМ И РЕАЛНИ ПРАКТИКИ В СОЦИАЛНОПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАТА ДЕЙНОСТ

Академични полета на социалната педагогика, съставител: проф. д.п.н. Клавдия Сапунджиева, научна редакция: проф. дпн Клавдия Сапунджиева, проф. д-р Нели Бояджиева, гл. ас. д-р Марина Пиронкова,

НОВА КНИГА

Клавдия Сапунджиева

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ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE: THEORY AND REALITY

Inna Leonidovna Fedotenko

ОТЗИВ ЗА КНИГАТА „ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЕН ДИЗАЙН (КОНЦЕПТУАЛНИ ОСНОВАНИЯ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКИ РЕШЕНИЯ)“

Димова, Д. (2013). Образователен дизайн (концептуални основания

2014 година
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ЗАЕДНО МОЖЕМ ПОВЕЧЕ

Диана Смиленова

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УСПЕШНИЯТ УЧИТЕЛ – МЕЖДУ ПРОФЕСИОНАЛНАТА НОРМА И СТРАСТТА ДА ПРЕПОДАВАШ

Проф. д-р Ангел Петров е преподавател по методика на обучението по български език в СУ „Св. Климент Охридски“. Ръководител е на най- старата катедра по методика на филологически- те дисциплини в страната – Катедрата по ме-

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ВЪЗГЛЕДИТЕ НА ЖАН-ЖАК РУСО И ЛЮБЕН КАРАВЕЛОВ ЗА ВЪЗПИТАНИЕТО

Посвещава се на 180-ата годишнина от рождението на Любен Каравелов (1834 – 1879) Виолета Атанасова

LE PROJET PÉDAGOGIQUE, SOURCE DE MOTIVATION DANS L’ENSEIGNEMENT ET L’APPRENTISSAGE DU FLE

THE EDUCATIONAL PROJECT, MEANS OF MOTIVATION IN TEACHING AND LEARNING FLE

LA PÉDAGOGIE DU PROJET ET LA MOTIVATION DES ÉLÈVES POUR L’APPRENTISSAGE DU FRANÇAIS

PROJECT PEDAGOGY AND PUPILS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING FRENCH

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е от непосредствената област на науките философия, социология и епистемо- логия. Втората трактовка по същество се отнася до моделирането в соци- ална среда като средство за прилагане на познанието за закономерностите на обществата, групите и индивидите. Понятието модел при втората трактовка и разликата между него и методите е, че моделът има по-цялостно приложе- ние, включвайки в себе си методите,

Социална парадигма Социални методи Социален модел (с приложна функция)

ТРИНАДЕСЕТИ МЕЖДУНАРОДНИ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИ ЧЕТЕНИЯ

МАРТ, 2014 ГОДИНА, ТБИЛИСИ, ГРУЗИЯ

КАЖДЫЙ ДЛЯ МЕНЯ УЧИТЕЛЬ

Ш.А.Амонашвили

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АНТОАНЕТА ЙОВЧЕВА (1952 – 2014)

След трудна борба с тежката болест ни напусна един добър и мил човек, една светла личност – Анто- анета Йовчева, нашата обичана колежка Тони. Нейните колеги и приятели, многобройните автори и сътрудници на сп. „Начално образование“ и на сп. „Педагогика“ ще запазят завинаги спомена за нейната приветлива усмивка, за нейната отзивчивост и преда- ност към работата, за нейната широка култура и стре- меж към познание, към развитие. Родена на 20 март 1952 г. в София в интелигентно се- мей

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ПОСТМОДЕРНИЗЪМ И ВЪЗПИТАНИЕ

Клавдия Сапунджиева

ДЕТСКИ УНИВЕРСИТЕТИ

Боряна Иванова

ПРОФ. Д-Р ЕЛКА ПЕТРОВА

Има личности, в сиянието на които се оглеж- дат цяла плеада последователи, възпитаници, колеги; има личности, без които животът става по беден, дните по-еднообразни, защото в сър- цето остава празно място. Такава личност е професор, доктор на педа- гогическите науки Елка Петрова – най–големият ерудит в областта на предучилищното възпита - ние, учен с международно значение. Дълги години ще свеждаме глави пред нейна- та обаятелна личност, с искрена признателност ще си спомняме свидните

МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ЦЕНТР ГУМАННОЙ ПЕДАГОГИКИ

Международният център „Хуманна педагогика“ организира XIII педаго- гически четения в периода 20 – 23.03.2014 г. в гр.Тбилиси, Грузия. Форумът се организира със съдействието на грузинското правителство. „Учителят“ е темата, която ще обедини участниците: учители, експерти, родители, универ- ситетски преподаватели, представители на педагогическата общност от мно- го страни, за да се осъществи дискусия за мисията на съвременния учител в съвременния образователен контекст. Ръководството на

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ОСНОВНИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ НА МОБИЛНОТО ОБУЧЕНИЕ

Стоянка Георгиева-Лазарова Лъчезар Лазаров

2013 година
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УЧИТЕЛИ ВЪЗРОЖДЕНЦИ В ТЪРНОВО

Венка Кутева-Цветкова

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ДИМИТЪР ДОНЧЕВ – С ВЪЗХИТА ЗА БЪЛГАРСКИЯ УЧИТЕЛ

100 ГОДИНИ ОТ РОЖДЕНИЕТО НА ДИМИТЪР ЕВСТАТИЕВ ДОНЧЕВ (5.10.1913 – 15.02.1997)

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„СЛЪНЦЕТО“ НА ВЪЗПИТАТЕЛНАТА СИСТЕМА В ТВУ – РАКИТОВО

85 ГОДИНИ ОТ РОЖДЕНИЕТО НА АНГЕЛ УЗУНОВ (1928 – 1999)

ЦЕННОСТИ И ДУХОВНО-НРАВСТВЕНО РАЗВИТИЕ НА МАЛКИЯ УЧЕНИК

Марияна Ешкенази, Гергана Фиданова, Марияна Вишева, Цветанка Годжилова

МАЛКИЯТ УЧЕНИК ЧЕТЕ

Марияна Механджиева Венета Велева

С БАБА И ДЯДО В КЛАС

Цветелин Горанов, Таня Илиева, Цветанка Берова, Нели Иванова, Борка Бончева

РОД РОДА НЕ ХРАНИ, НО ТЕЖКО МУ, КОЙТО ГО НЯМА!

Диляна Вачкова Евелина Димитрова

ДА ПОМОГНЕМ НА ДЕЦАТА ДА ОТВОРЯТ СЪРЦАТА СИ

Иванка Дебелушина Нина Маврикова

ДОБРОТО Е У ВСЕКИ

Мария Наскова

ОТЛИЧЕН ПЕДАГОГ, ПСИХОЛОГ И ПСИХОТЕРАПЕВТ

ДОЦ. СВЕТОСЛАВ СТАМЕНОВ (1939 – 2013)

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ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРИЛОЖНИ ПРОБЛЕМИ НА КОНСТРУИРАНЕТО НА ТЕСТ ЗА НАЦИОНАЛНО ВЪНШНО ОЦЕНЯВАНЕ ПО „ЧОВЕКЪТ И ОБЩЕСТВОТО“ ЗА 4. КЛАС (2013)

Ваня Петрова, Цонка Каснакова, Мариан Делчев Жана Минчева Радостина Стоянова, Рада Димитрова Мария Темникова

MEDIA IN PRESCHOOL AGE OF CHILD’S LIFE

Sonja Petrovska Jadranka Bocvarova

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ШАЛВА АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ АМОНАШВИЛИ – УЧИТЕЛ ОТ БЪДЕЩЕТО

В сложното битие на науката и метамор- фозите на социалната реалност, неотменими и общовалидни остават само най-стойностни- те постижения и безспорни истини, които не само маркират и остойностяват територията на човешко познание, но извисяват самия чо- век, поддържат неговата вяра в доброто, под- хранват чувството му за собствена значимост, укрепват неговия дух. Приемайки извечните послания на класи- ческата философско-педагогическа мъдрост и дълбоко обвързан с педагогическата р

МАНИФЕСТ ГУМАННОЙ ПЕДАГОГИКИ

Преамбула 25 лет тому назад группа учителей новаторов провозгласила манифест „Пе- дагогика сотрудничества“ (Переделкино, 1986 год). В последующие годы были опубликованы отчеты встреч учителей новаторов, в которых рассматри- вались разные аспекты педагогики сотрудничества: „Демократизация лично- сти“ (Цинандали, Телавский район, Грузия, 1987 год), „Методика обновления“ (Москва, 1988 год), „Войдем в новую школу“ (Краснодарский край, 1988 год). Идеи педагогики сотрудничества воодушевленно

ПОРТФОЛИОТО НА УЧЕНИКА КАТО ПРОЦЕС НА САМОПОЗНАНИЕ

Радка Топалска Емилия Вълкова, Албена Атанасова

ДОПИРНИ СВЕТОВЕ

Албена Димитрова Стилияна Гронева

ПРЕДИ ГОДИНА И СЕГА

Веселка Аршинкова

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СВЕЩЕНИК ГЕОРГИ МАРИНОВ ПОЛУГАНОВ – ОСНОВАТЕЛЯТ НА УЧИЛИЩЕТО И ПЪРВИЯТ УЧИТЕЛ В ПОЛИКРАЙЩЕ

Георги Георгиев Трифонка Попниколова Марияна Георгиева–Гроссе

ЕВРОПЕЙСКИ ПРИКАЗКИ

Светла Попова

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ПОЗДРАВИТЕЛЕН АДРЕС

Има събития и дати, които не се забравят, които оставaт в душите на- веки. Такъв е бил и денят преди 40 го- дини – 15 април 1973 год., когато ОДЗ 7 „Детелина“ отваря врати и екипът поема тежката, но благородна задача да изпълни със светлина умовете и сърцата на децата. 40 години е достойна възраст за един човешки живот, за една инсти- туция като ОДЗ 7 „Детелина“. В този празничен ден имаме възможност със самочувствие да проследим пътя на утвърждаването н

ДА ОПАЗИМ ДЕТСКОТО ЗДРАВЕ!

Мая Топалова, Симона Пейчева

КАК ДА ОТГЛЕДАМЕ МАЛЪК ПРИРОДОЛЮБИТЕЛ?

Мадлена Николова Ани Цветкова

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УВАЖАЕМИ КОЛЕГИ, ПРИЯТЕЛИ И СЪМИШЛЕНИЦИ,

Редколегията на списание „Педагогика“ честити на всички Новата 2013 година и пожелава тя бъде щастлива, плодотворна, изпълнена с творчески пориви и нови изследователски проникновения!

ИЗКУСТВОТО ЗА ПРЕВЕНЦИЯ НА АГРЕСИВНОТО ПОВЕДЕНИЕ НА ДЕЦАТА

Евгения Миланова Виолета Николова Величка Радева

ПРИЯТЕЛСТВОТО В ЖИВОТА НА ДЕТЕТО

Даниела Димитрова Красимира Василева

ПРЕДАЙ НАТАТЪК

Вилдан Мехмедова

ЗАЕДНО ДА БЪДЕМ ДОБРИ

(ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКА СИТУАЦИЯ В ПОДГОТВИТЕЛНА ГРУПА)

ПРОФ. ДПН EЛКА ПЕТРОВА EДНА НЕЗАЛИЧИМА СЛЕДА В БЪЛГАРСКОТО ПРЕДУЧИЛИЩНО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ (1919 – 2012)

Почина проф. дпн Елка Петрова (20.ХІІ.2012 г.) – на- шата любима учителка по изкуството да се живее пъл- ноценно и професионално, създателката на науката за предучилищното възпитание на българските деца, пре- красната жена и велика майка, Неповторима, единствена, съвършена – това е нашата Елка: Примерът за всички нас – хилядите нейни студенти и последователи ! Елка Петрова винаги е първа, винаги е оригинална и авангардна; през 1950–1952 г. поставя началото на Висшия мето

2012 година
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ПЕДАГОГЪТ – РИЦАР НА ДЕТСТВОТО

Януш Корчак бе написал, че животът на великите хора е като легендите: труден, но красив. И се оказва пророчески прав, сякаш е писал за себе си! Наследник на семейство с богата духовна култура и традиции, останал отрано без баща, той не просто се справя с несгодите на сирачеството, но развива у себе си три могъщи извора на живот: любов към свободата и справедливостта, страст към знанието и творчеството, отдаденост на децата и тяхното щастие. Лекарят Корчак лекува децата и душите им. Безплатн

ЯНУШ КОРЧАК – ВЕЛИК ХУМАНИСТ И ПЕДАГОГ

„Със сила и мощ поведох своя живот, който беше привидно неподреден, самотен и чужд. За син избрах идеята да служа на детето и неговото дело. Привидно загубих.“ Бе лекар, писател, мислител. Бе философ, учен, моралист. Издател. Възпи- тател и педагог. Бе герой. Бе скромен. Във всяка от тези области той има изключителни постижения. В течение на по- вече от четиридесет години работи като педагог и писател. Четиридесет години безкористно служене на слабите и беззащитните. Създава съвременна кон

ЕВОЛЮЦИЯ НА ПРАВАТА НА ДЕТЕТО

„Детето има право на сериозно отношение към проблемите му, на справедливото им решаване.“

THE KORCZAK’S RIGHT TO SOCIAL PARTICIPATION OF CHILDREN THE CITIZENSHIP OF CHILDREN

A speech by Marek Michalak, the Ombudsman for Children, given during the seminar„The Polish-Israeli pioneer in the fi eld of human rights, Janusz Korczak (1879–1942) and today’s Convention on Children’s Rights as the part of the international law“, Geneva, the 6 of June 2009

ЗА ДЕТЕТО, ДЕТСТВОТО ИЛИ НАУКА ЗА НЕГО?

В памет на Януш Корчак – по повод 70 г. от неговата смърт и 100 г. от създаването на „Дом за сираци“ във Варшава Албена Чавдарова

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CHANGES IN UNIVERSITY TEACHING – THE ROAD FROM KNOWLEDGE TO COMPETENCIES

Slađana Anđelković Zorica Stanisavljević Petrović

ДОСТОЕН ЖИВОТ, ОТДАДЕН НА ПРОСВЕЩЕНИЕТО… ПРОФ. СТОЙКА ЗДРАВКОВА – ЕДИН СЪВРЕМЕНЕН БУДИТЕЛ НА 70 ГОДИНИ

Неуморна и взискателна! Енергична и всеотдай- на! Работохолик и перфекционист! Това е проф. д-р Стойка Здравкова! Не е за вярване, че в началото на ноември 2012 година навърши 70 години. И не е слу- чайно това, че тази светла дата е непосредствено бли- зо до Деня на будителите. А това, че проф . Здравкова е съвременен български будител, е толкова безспорно и видимо! 70–годишнината ù е един чудесен повод ретрос- пективно да си припомним и проследим най-значи-

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ОЧАКВАНА И ПОЛЕЗНА

Емилия Василева

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ЦЕННО ПОМАГАЛО ЗА ПСИХОЛОЗИ И ПЕДАГОЗИ (Надежден инструмент за диагностициране смисъла на живота)

Любен Десев Минчев, Борис. Тест на Дж. Крумбъг и Л. Махолик за смисъл в живота. Българска версия. Варна, ВСУ „Черноризец Храбър“,

ГЕОРГИ MАВРОВ ЖИВОТ, ОТДАДЕН НА НАУКАТА И ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО

Така най-общо, но и най-точно можем да охарак- теризираме дейността на ст. н. с. д-р Георги Петков Мавров. Той ни напусна неочаквано в края на април т.г. И до последния си ден не преставаше да се вълнува от проблемите на образованието. Споделяше инте- ресни мисли относно предстоящото приемане на За- кона за образованието. Пестелив на думи, но щедър на дела – това ясно проличава от неговата богата би- ография.

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ОЩЕ ЕДНА ИДЕЯ

Галина Стоянова

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С ИНОВАТИВЕН ПОГЛЕД КЪМ ЛИЧНОСТТА НА ДЕТЕТО

Маргарита Абрашева Любимка Габрова

БИЗНЕС ОБУЧЕНИЕ В ДЕТСКАТА ГРАДИНА

Красимира Костова Петя Драгоданова

ДЕТСКАТА БЕЗОПАСНОСТ

Любимка Габрова

БАБА ПРИКАЗКИ РАЗКАЗВА... (МИКС ОТ ПРИКАЗКИ)

Кева Захариева, Мария Мичева

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ДЕТЕ ПЪТУВА В АВТОМОБИЛА

Красимира Михайлова

ПРОТИВОПОСТАВЯНЕ

Пюрвя Ердниев Б. Ердниев „Нашата обща категория противопоставяне е едно от основните и необходими общи понятия, което улеснява регулирането и дори прави възможно, заедно с другите общи понятия, нашето здравомислие.“ И. П. Павлов Учителите от нашата страна познават смисъла на иновацията УДЕ (уголе- мяване на дидактичните единици). Ключ за решаване на конкретни въпроси на УДЕ се оказва чудесната дума- закон „противопоставяне“, употребена от академик Павлов за обясняване на

ЗДРАВКА НОВАКОВА – ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛ И ТВОРЕЦ

Седемдесетгодишният юбилей е вълнуващ повод да проследим трудния, богат и съдържателен професионално-творчески път на доц. д-р Здравка Новакова, да под- чертаем нейната важна роля за утвърждаване на дидактика на математиката като

IN MEMORIAM Иван Марев

Напусна ни проф. Иван Марев – философ, педагог, демократ, родолюбец. В далечната 1975 г., зареден с енергия, пълен с идеи, той създаде в Техническия

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ДЕЛЕГИРАНЕ НА ПРАВА ЧРЕЗ КОМИСИИТЕ В ДЕТСКАТА ГРАДИНА

Маргарита Абрашева Политиката, наречена управление на качеството, не е самоцел, нито поредна обра- зователна „мода“. Тя е практически необходима за поддържане от директора на учеб- ното заведение на един привлекателен образ в условията на конкуренция на пазара на учебни заведения. Това се отнася най-вече за детските градини. Политиката на упра- вление на качеството съдържа недостатъчно използван ресурс, включително за спечел- ване и запазване доверието на потребителя – родителите на децата,

ИНОВАЦИОННИ И ИНТЕРАКТИВНИ МЕТОДИ В КВАЛИФИКАЦИОННАТА ДЕЙНОСТ НА ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЯ КОЛЕКТИВ

Стоилка Ташева, Севда Лукайчева Развиващото се с динамични темпове общество в днешно време налага необ- ходимостта от иновационни промени в областта на образованието. И в предучи- лищната педагогика все по-често се търсят алтернативни педагогически техноло- гии както за възпитанието и обучението на децата, така и при провеждането на квалификационната дейност на самите педагози. Използването на интерактивните методи дава възможност да се възлагат за- дачи, които предполагат съвместна работа,

ТОВА ТРЯБВА ДА ГО ЗНАЕ ВСЯКО ДЕТЕ

Татяна Атанасова, Иванка Пампова

НА УЛИЦАТА Е ОПАСНО

Таня Янчева, Зоя Кацарова