Философия
Вход / Регистрация

2018/4, стр. 359 - 364

HEGEL AND THE SPECULATIVE COURSE OF FREEDOM

Резюме:

Ключови думи:

Ivo Minkov
South-West University “Neofit Rilski” (Bulgaria)

Abstract. The main accent in the article is to show the perspective to understand the idea of freedom as a process, rather than condition. The course of freedom is speculative and the deepest form of Hegel’s philosophy. Moreover, it is the solid ground of the mighty systematic thought of the German philosopher. In the light of the highest category of Hegel’s logic – The Absolute Idea – the speculative idea of freedom obtains an ontological aspect completely different and even diametrically opposed to spontaneity.

Keywords: freedom; speculation; process; Absolute idea

In Hegel’s ontology the sequence of the systems of philosophy in history is exactly the same as the sequence throughout the logical deduction of the conceptual definitions of the idea. The history of philosophy is science only when it sees, behind the coherent string of events the logic which guides them1). According to Hegel evolution in the history of human kind and its reason, is the progress in consciousness of freedom – a progress which fulfills itself by permanent interdependence between theoretical and practical (theory and practice). Consequently, a possibility may occur. The latter consider to swing up and upgrade the idea of freedom. For this aim is necessary to lay and set up the freedom on a pure, theoretical level. From that base the idea of freedom could continue its own course and individual, peculiar process of evolution. Substantially this represents an ontological approach, a being intention from the immediate position of freedom to a mediational result; from instant and pure being and abstract universality to the consistent and unpredictable knowledge. That is why the concrete freedom is comprehended and perceived as constant and continuous process. That unabated bilateral dynamic between theoretical and practical, the relevance between them is freedom as a process, an absolute form which combine seemingly contradictional terms and implement the unity of the metaphysical universality and the determination of the real particularity.

Attaching a metaphysical significance to the freedom’s practical intention, its new, heuristic theoretical ground could provide an immersion which means in the same way raising of the previous results, raising the precede level in consciousness of freedom. The metaphysical foundations afford an opportunity for evolutional envelopment of the consciousness, and the abstract principles of freedom could be reduced to unity in clear, concrete manner. Thus, the intention is to attain a totality of the idea of freedom. This may contribute to the construction of a new, entire fundamental conception about man and creation. Therefore, the inner requirement is to find its own, deeper and more extreme principle of freedom.

Freedom explicates the unity of inwardly and outwardly. However, like this unity, it fetches down itself in its definitions and it returns back in itself like absolute identity. That is why freedom is firstly the essence of the absolute and secondly its own manifestation, modality. Hegel writes: “The mode, therefore, is the externality of the absolute, but equally so only its reflection into itself; or again, it is the absolute’s own manifestation, so that this externalization is its immanent reflection and therefore its being-in-and-for-itself.” (Hegel, 2010b: 477).

Freedom manifests itself and in this way is the absolute form. Freedom in Hegel’s philosophy is not only a speculative result. It lays deep in the bosom of that reflective paradigmality. In Hegel’s manuscript from 1797 with the title “First program about the system of German idealism”, he believes in the idea that in future the entire metaphysics must belong to morals, ethical life and practical philosophy. And the first idea is the concept about itself like absolute free being, free man. Ethics has been comprehended as a full system of all ideas, of all practical postulates and metaphysics is only its feature, a detail. Right here where is the embryology of Hegel’s systematic thought, the base of speculative course of freedom occurred. In these early ideas Hegel announces himself against Kant and his Ethical Rigorism, against the notorious “you must” which lead to enslavement of man, rather than freedom, to inevitable bifurcation between “which is” and “which must be” (Donchev, 1982: 30)2). On this occasion an ascertainment of G. Donchev seems profound and sagacious. He thinks that in his ethical perceptions, in his ethical thought Hegel is more relevant to Aristotle and the Eudemonism, than to Kant3). Hegel’s special relation to Kant’s practical philosophy and the transition in his comprehension of the Christian religion, in a sense presuppose and provide the favorable intellectual climate to put through already one strong, general and directional idea which may attach a systematic nature of his thought. Hegel show his respect to Kant’s ethics mostly in the early writings and works of theology, somewhere around the end of eighteenth century. These essays have a heuristic ideas and one is to emphasize the striving towards “overcoming of abstract universality to whom one’s individuality must obey. Human being should have the opportunity to develop and open absolutely free his constructive and creative energies and to look for, to seek after that which is his own unconditional right – happiness” (Donchev, 1982: 27)4).

These early manuscripts of Hegel uncover one of the most significant and fruitful idea which forwards to the mightiness of the individuality and the subjective nature of the religion; to one’s own determination to the question about the unity of “being in itself” and “being for itself”, without the necessity of an external negotiator. Thus Hegel shove out freedom beyond “the must”, “the need”. To Hegel, the aspiration to happiness is not chasing a blank pleasures and satisfactions, the happiness itself is not in a bound only with the sensible aspect. Primarily it is dictated by the reason. The light of the thoughts, according to Hegel, is the only capable to guide the man to happiness. Thereby, the great German philosopher discovers the course of ethical life which incorporates legitimacy administrate by the positive right, and the moral of the inner soul. Almost in parallel a turning point is realized in Hegel’s understanding about Kant’s doctrine for the postulates of practical reason, and his regard to the Christian religion. In the first case, the positive evaluation turns into critic; in the second case the original critical relation proceeds to armative. That happens somewhere between Hegel’s residence in the Spiritual academy in Tübingen, and the end of Frankfurt’s period, to the beginning of the nineteenth century. Kant’s “you must” and Jesus’s “love your neighbor as yourself” become the corner stone to Hegel. He put them on the scales in his manuscript – “The Spirit of Christianity and its Fate”, from 1798 – 1799. There, the German philosopher contradicts “the Moral of Jesus – Love” and “Kant’s Law – the Categorical Imperative” (Donchev, 1982: 23 – 30). Still here the speculative course of freedom is made between the finite and the infinite, the transition of Law to Love and the armation of the latter as law. The moral of Jesus is subjective and targeted against the power of the objective. The doctrine of Jesus presupposes a division of this “which is (the human soul and its actions)”, and those “which must be (the requirement regulated and manipulated from outside)”. “Love your neighbor as yourself” is not an ordinance and law which come from outside; it is a process of inner inspiration and spiritualization, of the power of the Spirit, a self-suciency born in the individuality itself and embodied like own law. This is how at the doorstep of the nineteenth century the strongest and the most powerful systematic thought in European philosophy, is formed in Hegel’s consciousness. Furthermore, Hegel’s systematic thought is substantially defined and based on the idea of freedom. Along with the outspread of Hegel’s systematic thinking, the realization and materialization of the idea of freedom begins. The latter embodies the highest level of humanism. Somewhere all this is explicitly expressed and signified; while at some place is implicitly comprised and initiatory conditioned in the supreme achievement of the great German philosopher from that time – “Phenomenology of Spirit”. The composition is astonishingly revolutionary and comprises a variety of beneficial ideas. Hegel presents a vigorous expression, a manifestation anteriorly to the idea of freedom. Thus, the famous and noted Preface to the “Phenomenology of Spirit” which is written after the completion (more precisely at the end) of the composition, is the highest level of Hegel’s speculative and metaphysical thought; a magnificent march to the Truth, Freedom, God. Still over 1802 – 1803 in the previous announcement about publishing The Critical Journal of Philosophy (which is developed together with Shelling), the first key and directorial ideas about the System of Science matured. They stand in direct connection, in deep relation with Hegel’s comprehension and consciousness of freedom: “… a time has come, when the true science began to step in itself and thereby to constitute the vital center of concentration, to insulate itself forever from this, which is called non-philosophy…” (Donchev, 1982: 56)5). One of the essential parts from the distinguished Preface, is concerned exactly with this matter to explicit the intention of the science, to push through the idea of philosophy as the true science and its own method which is completely different from mathematical methods and methods in history. Hegel points out that “The inward emergence, or the coming-to-be, of substance is an undivided transition into the external, that is, into existence, into being for another, and conversely, the coming-to-be of existence is its taking-itself-back into essence” (Hegel, 2010a: 36).

The veritable speculative course of freedom continues through this profound Preface. While in his earlier writings, where Hegel is concerned chiefly with the political atmosphere and social situation in Germany and Europe, the idea of freedom – largely caused from The Great French revolution – is, I could say in its spontaneity. However, further on in “Phenomenology of Spirit” this immediacy of the idea of freedom is filled with life, with being. Already in the profound introduction to the “Phenomenology of Spirit” the whole and complete idea is evident. The latter comprises mostly the intention to develop philosophy itself as a release and unloose the spirit from the bifurcation between “The self” and “The substance”, between thought and object, as “… the process which creates its own moments and passes through them all; it is the whole movement that constitutes the positive and its truth” (Hegel, 2010a: 40). This coming-to-be of the logic and the science in general which is accomplished by the Phenomenology, is the release of consciousness from its immediacy and spontaneity, its own awareness and transformation into selfconsciousness, reason, spirit, religion and absolute knowledge. This process of disengagement has its distinctive particularity, and it is an expression of deep and essential dialectical regularity, that the process of disengagement, the freedom as a process – rather than stiffness – is not a unilateral movement only ahead into its own justification; it is at the same time a return backward into its own grounds, or that “every step ahead in the process of justification at the same time means a step backward into its grounds, into the primordial and authentic which has given the beginning (the principle) of the process, and has retained itself like immanent base in the whole course of its development” (Donchev). The introduction to the Lectures on the history of philosophy (more specifically where Hegel presents philosophy as the apprehension of the development of the Concrete) explicates the same intention of the Idea: “This development goes no further out than into externality, but the going without itself of development also is a going inwards. That is to say, the universal Idea continues to remain at the foundation and still is the allembracing and unchangeable” (Hegel, 1894: 28). The undetermined Idea in its process, i.e. progress, in course of its development becomes “determined within itself”. The self-conscious freedom becomes a reality narrowly when the veracious is grasped and signified, not only as a substance, but also as an individual, a subject. The direction is to break away and uproot the “non-darkened identity” and the union of the abstract universality, where its nature – “being for itself” – is not taken into account. But, the individual become a developed and cultured reason, and thereby “for itself”, a materialized “in itself”; this is “the self-conscious freedom which is at rest within itself, a freedom which has not set the opposition off to one side and left it merely lying there but has been reconciled with it” (Hegel, 2010a: 18). And the human being, not only passively contemplate the supersensible postulate. In the reconciliation with it and through it, it actively participates in the movement of the spirit, in the movement of the concept. The speculative is supersensible and principle, mentally productive and provocative, regarding the form and content, and man has an internal relation with the action of the concept. Precisely here man’s freedom proceeds.

The nature of the finite consist of, in the process of “coming-to-be” (a priori immanent synthesis), of passing into something else. The entire pure speculative philosophy, the logic is based on that process6); it is the method of philosophy which rests on the own, independent necessity of the notion and its movement. The Absolute knowledge, as a result of the Phenomenology and the unloose of the consciousness, sets the overcoming of the abstract element of immediacy (the logic consist of a phenomenological premise), thereby the indivisibility of the being and knowledge. The phenomenology of spirit presents the course of the soul, its movement to the true, to the absolute knowledge; the course of the natural consciousness to the spirit. And it seems like return from the side of that experience of the consciousness, the logical is covered, and whose nature is presented like the opposite course, like stimulate and animate the spirit, like the showing of God. After the course of the soul to the spirit and the phenomenology, it shows through the bigger capacity and content, the profundity and broad meaning of the logical: “Only after a more profound acquaintance with the other sciences does logic rise for subjective spirit from a merely abstract universal to a universal that encompasses within itself the riches of the particular” (Hegel, 2010b: 37).

In conclusion, the accentuation might be on the way that freedom as a process is not an ordinary aim of the finite to the infinite, to the absolute. The problematic course is to see the freedom as a process, as The Absolute idea itself, as the most concrete and sovereign category of “The Science of Logic”. The freedom embodies within itself the identity of theoretical and practical, which beside as a transition of the one to the other, is the reasonable concept. The latter as a reality combines itself only within itself, and creates its own being as intransitive nature, i.e. infinity. The construction and the operation of the Hegel’s mighty systematic thought, is in deep relation with the idea of freedom. By means of, the determination of that vigorous thought, the freedom as spontaneity and a frame of mind, a pure condition, might be improved and elaborated. As it was shown earlier in the article, the whole idea of freedom is evident still in the Preface to the “Phenomenology of Spirit”. However, the latter is not just some kind of simple introduction to the great work of the philosopher. It comprises and embodies Hegel’s most powerful ideas. One of them is the idea of freedom, the freedom as metaphysical category, the freedom which might knob out somewhere as spontaneity, but this spontaneity is actually a result of a profound mediation. Generally, the whole Preface is widely accepted as the deepest metaphysical text in the entire history of philosophy. The understanding, the idea of freedom in this way, as a function of the highest speculative category of Hegel’s logic, might give a solid ground for a different comprehension of the entire philosophical system of the great German thinker, precisely as Philosophy of freedom.

NOTES

1. Donchev, 1982: 187.

2. Translated from Bulgarian.

3. Ibidem.

4. Translated from Bulgarian.

5. Translated from Bulgarian.

6. K. Rosenkranz explicit this essential intention in Hegel’s thought, on his commentary on Hegel’s Science of Logic in The Journal of Speculative Philosophy (Rosenkranz, 1872: 98)

REFERENCES

Donchev, G. (1982). Hegel and his predecessors. Sofia: Nauka I izkustvo.

Hegel, G.W.F. (2010a). System of science. First part: The Phenomenology of Spirit. Copyright Terry Pinkard (2010). In: https://www.marxists.org/ reference/archive/hegel/works/ph/pinkard-translation-of-phenomenology.pdf.

Hegel, G.W.F. (2010b). The Science of Logic. New York, Cambridge: University Press.

Hegel, G.W.F. (1894). Lectures on the history of philosophy. Vol. 1. London: K.Paul, Trench, Trübner.

Rosenkranz, K. (1872). The Science of Logic. In: The Journal of Speculative Philosophy. Vol. 6, No. 2, Penn State University Press, pp. 97 – 120.

2025 година
Книжка 3
IRRITABILITY (NEED) AND AN-IRRITABILITY (FATIGUE): A DISORDER OF RHYTHMS – THE ONTOLOGICAL BURNOUT

Eort, Resistance, Action-Reaction, Sense of Life, Death, Habit

Книжка 2s
INTRODUCTION

Ivan Christov

Книжка 2
THE PROBLEM OF RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY: A PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH

BACHEV, M., 2024. Unity and Diversity of the Spirit: The Problem of Religious Pluralism. Sofia, Propeller, ISBN: 978-954-392-769-8, 346 p. Nikolai Mihailov

Книжка 1
КОМУНИКАЦИЯ И ФИЛОСОФИЯ

Проф. д.ф.н. Владимир Градев

SCIENCE. DISCOURSES. ROLES

Svetlana Alexandrova

2024 година
Книжка 4s
ФИЛОСОФИЯТА НА НЪДЖА, ИЛИ ЗАЩО ЛИБЕРАЛНАТА ДЪРЖАВА ИМА НУЖДА ОТ ДЪРВЕНО ЖЕЛЯЗО

Проф. д.п.н. Татяна Томова, доц. д-р Елена Калфова, доц. д-р Симeoн Петров

ЕКОЛОГИЧНОТО МЪЛЧАНИЕ: ПРОИЗВЕЖДАНЕ НА ЗЕЛЕНИ ПОЛИТИКИ ИЗВЪН ЕКОЛОГИЧНИЯ ДИСКУРС

Доц. д-р Борис Попиванов, д-р Димитър Ганев, д-р Димитра Воева, д-р Емил Марков

INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR AS A COMMUNITY RESILIENCE FACTOR: LESSONS FOR POLICY MAKING

Prof. Sonya Karabeliova, Assoc. Prof. Elena Kalfova, Yonko Bushnyashki

AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT: A MEDIATOR BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS AND PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOUR

Assist. Prof. Velina Hristova Assoc. Prof. Kaloyan Haralampiev Prof. Ivo Vlaev

ЕКОТРЕВОЖНОСТ И ПЕРЦЕПЦИЯ ЗА КЛИМАТИЧНИТЕ ПРОМЕНИ

Доц. д-р Светлина Колева, проф. д.пс.н. Снежана Илиева, доц. д-р Калоян Харалампиев, проф. д.пс.н. Соня Карабельова

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АСПЕКТИ НА ПРОЕКОЛОГИЧНОТО ПОВЕДЕНИЕ

Гл. ас. д-р Радина Стоянова, докторант Мария Рац, изследовател Йонко Бушняшки

Книжка 4
ОНТОЛОГИЯ NON FINITO

Доц. д-р Васил Видински

Книжка 3s
TROLLING AS POLITICAL DISCOURSE

Chief Assist. Prof. Silvia Petrova

THE WILD WEST OF DIGITAL JOURNALISM

Prof. Nelly Ognyanova, DSc.

Книжка 3
PHILOSOPHY OF MEDICINE

Assoc. Prof. Julia Vasseva-Dikova

THE ROLE OF AI FOR TEACHING ANATOMY IN MEDICINE

Assist. Prof. Dr. Nikola Pirovski

ENGAGEMENT AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE IN ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT

Assoc. Prof. Vihra Naydenova Assist. Prof. Viktoriya Nedeva-Atanasova Assoc. Prof. Kaloyan Haralampiev, Assist. Prof. Antoaneta Getova

Книжка 2
THE YEAR OF KANT

Prof. Valentin Kanawrow, DSc.

Книжка 1
PHILOSOPHY OF SHARED SOCIETY

Assoc. Prof. Albena Taneva, Assoc. Prof. Kaloyan Simeonov, Assist. Prof. Vanya Kashukeeva-Nusheva, Assist. Prof. Denitsa Hinkova Melanie Hussak

2023 година
Книжка 4
ЗА БЪЛГАРСКАТА ФИЛОСОФСКА КУЛТУРА

Атанас Стаматов. „За българската философска култура“, 2023.

БОГ С МАШИНА

Николчина, Миглена. Бог с машина: Изваждане на човека. София: ВС Пъблишинг, 2022, 600 с.

Книжка 3s
FOREWORD

The conceptualization of the project “REFORM – Rethinking Bulgarian Education FOR the 21st Century: Concepts, Methodologies, Practices, and Players” (2021 – 2023) started in the midst of the Covid pandemics in 2020 and followed the introduction of online education from a distance (ORES) in Bulgarian schools. At present, three years later, ORES is applied only to individual and specific cases. Nevertheless, the ORES experience has irrevocably enriched the armory of teaching

PARADIGM SHIFTS IN COGNITION

Nevena Ivanova, PhD

COVID-19 AND THE SHIFT IN THE CONCEPT OF EDUCATION

Hristina Ambareva, Assoc. Prof.

AN INNOVATIVE SCHOOL FOR SUCCESSFUL AND HAPPY CHILDREN

Mariana Pencheva Silviya Pencheva, Assist. Prof., PhD

KNOWLEDGE IN THE EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT: SOCIAL DIMENSIONS AND SPECIFICS

Albena Nakova, Assoc. Prof. Prof. Valentina Milenkova, DSc.

Книжка 3
DIGITAL MEDIA AND DYNAMICS OF CONTEMPORARY PUBLIC SPHERE: TOWARDS A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Prof. Dr. Vesselina Valkanova, Prof. Dr. Nikolai Mihailov

НУЧО ОРДИНЕ

Vir Bonus et Sapiens

Книжка 2
ТРАНСЦЕНДЕНТАЛНИЯТ ВХОД В ПОСТГЛОБАЛНОТО

Проф. д.ф.н. Валентин Канавров

SOCIO-CULTURAL NATURE OF THE INFODEMIC AND ITS APPEARANCES UNDER GLOBAL TURBULENCE

Prof. Dr. Yurii Kalynovskyi Assoc. Prof. Vasyl Krotiuk, PhD Assoc. Prof. Olga Savchenko, PhD Roman Zorkin

ЕТИЧНИ И ПРАВНИ ПРОБЛЕМИ, СВЪРЗАНИ СЪС СУБЕКТНОСТТА И ИЗКУСТВЕНИЯ ИНТЕЛЕКТ

Доц. д-р Веселина Славова Доц. д-р Дарина Димитрова

IRRITABILITY (NEED) AND AN-IRRITABILITY (FATIGUE): A DISORDER OF RHYTHMS – THE ONTOLOGICAL BURNOUT

Part A: Excessive Irritability: A disorder of (bio)-rhythms – need, satisfaction of need, fatigue

ЕМБЛЕМАТИЧЕН ФИЛОСОФСКИ ВИПУСК НА СОФИЙСКИЯ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ НА 40 ГОДИНИ

Философи 1981. 40 години по-късно. Продължаващи истории (Юбилеен сборник) Съставители: Анета Тушева, Атанас Пашалиев, Валентин Канавров, Красимир Грудев, Таня Желязкова-Тея, Татяна Дронзина, Цветан Давидков. 2021. София: изд. „Стилует“, 318 с., ISBN 978-619-194-068-4

Книжка 1
УВАЖАЕМИ ЧИТАТЕЛИ,

Многобройните измерения на рисковото общество, отбелязвани от съвременни мислители като Улрих Бек и Антъни Гидънс, днес се раз- ширяват и ускоряват. Живеем във време, в което кризите не просто се редуват, а се застъпват и изострят до краен предел. Тази ситуация носи риск и за философията. От една страна, рискът е заложен от склон- ността на индивидите днес да дават преимущество на фактите пред критическото им осмисляне. От друга страна, обучението по филосо- фия, както и по соц

ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТТА НА СТУДЕНТИТЕ В КОНТЕКСТА НА ОСНОВНИ ДЕМОКРАТИЧНИ ЦЕННОСТИ

Доц. д-р Блага Благоева Доц. д-р Стоянка Георгиева

2022 година
Книжка 4
ЕПОХЕ  И РЕДУКЦИЯ ВЪВ ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЯТА НА ХУСЕРЛ

Д-р Десислав Георгиев, д-р Деница Ненчева

Книжка 3
ОНТОЛОГИЧНИЯТ ИЗБОР НА ФИЛОСОФА

Проф. д-р Иван Камбуров

SOME ASPECTS OF THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SHAME AND GUILT

Ina Todoreeva Prof. Dr. Ivanka Asenova

Книжка 2
НОВАТА ПАРАДИГМА В МЕДИЦИНАТА

Доц. д-р Юлия Васева-Дикова

Книжка 1
УВАЖАЕМИ ЧИТАТЕЛИ,

През последните две години светът, в който живеем, критично се промени. Вълни на пан- демията от COVID-19 избухваха и затихваха, въвеждаха се и се отменяха ограничаващи сво- бодата ни мерки, виртуално и материално се оплитаха в сложна екзистенциална амалгама, принуждавайки ни да усвояваме нови модели на поведение и да променяме радикално установе- ните световъзприятия. Липсата на устойчивост, яснота и предсказуемост трайно навлезе в живо- та ни. Мислите ни се фокуси

THE IMAGE OF THE OTHER IN THE CULTURAL PRACTICES OF THE MODERNITY

Prof. Dr. Serhii Vytkalov , Dr. Lesia Smyrna , Prof. Dr. Iryna Petrova , Prof. Dr. Adriana Skoryk , Prof. Dr. Olena Goncharova

RICŒUR AND FOUCAULT ON TRAGEDY AND TRUTH

Carlos Gardu•o Compar†n

THE CHOICE OF LOVE AND THE NUMINOUS: EXISTENTIAL AND GENDER CONTEXTS

Prof. Dr. Nazip Khamitov , Prof. Dr. Svitlana Krylova , Olena Romanova

2021 година
Книжка 4
Книжка 3
EXISTENTIAL FUNCTIONS OF MENTALIZATION IN ASIAN CIVILIZATIONS

Prof. DSc. Ludmil Georgiev, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Maya Tcholakova

THE BAPTISM OF RELICS OF OLEG AND YAROPOLK: ETHICAL, THEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL ASPECTS

Prof. Dr. Roman Dodonov, Prof. Dr. Vira Dodonova, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Oleksandr Konotopenko

Книжка 2
WITTGENSTEIN ON OTHER MINDS

Dr. Kailashkanta Naik

FACETS OF THE HOSPITALITY PHILOSOPHY: FILOTEXNIA

Dr. Yevhenii Bortnykov, Assoc. Prof. , Prof. Roman Oleksenko, DSc. , Dr. Inna Chuieva, Assoc. Prof. , Dr. Olena Konoh, Assoc. Prof. , Andriy Konoh

АРТЕФАКТИ 1. ДЕФИНИЦИЯ

проф. д.ф.н. Сергей Герджиков

„ЗА ВСЯКО СЛЕДВАЩО ПОКОЛЕНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЪТ С ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО Е НОВ“ (УАЙТХЕД)

Vesselin Petrov (2020). Elements of Contemporary Process Philosophical Theory of Education and Learning. Les ‚ditions Chromatika: Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgique, ISBN 978-2-930517-70-4

Книжка 1
УВАЖАЕМИ ЧИТАТЕЛИ,

Отминалата година наистина се оказа, както очаквахме, година на опасения и надежди, на изпитания и постижения, на тревоги и предиз- викателства. Пандемията не само не затихна, а се разрази още по-мащабно, по-яростно и по- застрашително. Начинът, по който обичайно функционираха всички обществени системи, се промени изцяло, а животът в добре познатия ни ритъм и форма почти изчезна. Спасителните от- крития на фармацевтичната наука дадоха надеж- ди, но породиха и

ПРОЦЕСУАЛНАТА ФИЛОСОФИЯ ЗА СЪЩНОСТТА И БЪДЕЩЕТО НА ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО

Vesselin Petrov (2020). Elements of Contemporary Process Philosophical Theory of Education and Learning. Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgique: Les ‚ditions Chromatika, ISBN 978-2-930517-70-4

НОВАТА МОНОГРАФИЯ НА ПРОФ. НИКОЛАЙ МИЛКОВ – ЕДИН ЗАБЕЛЕЖИТЕЛЕН ИЗСЛЕДОВАТЕЛСКИ ПОХВАТ

Nikolay Milkov (2020). Early Analytic Philosophy and the German Philosophical Tradition. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 296/295 p., ISBN10: 1350086436; ISBN13: 9781350086432

2020 година
Книжка 4
TRUTH IN LEGAL NORMS

Boyan Bahanov

Книжка 3
REVIEW OF GUNNAR SKIRBEKK’S “CRISIS AND CO-RESPONSIBILITY. SHORT POLITICAL WRITINGS”

Gunnar Skirbekk (2016). Krise og medansvar. Politiske Sm‹skrifter (Crisis and Co-responsibility. Short Political Writings). Oslo: Res Publica. ISBN 978-82-8226-045-9. 272 p.

НОВА КНИГА ЗА ЕМПИРИЧНОТО ПСИХОЛОГИЧНО ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ

Стоянов, В. (2020) Емпиричното психологично изследване: количествен срещу качествен подход. Варна: СТЕНО. ISBN 978-619-241-087-2, 185 с.

Книжка 2
ПСИХОСОЦИАЛНИ И МЕДИЦИНСКИ АСПЕКТИ ПРИ ПРОСЛЕДЯВАНЕ НА СЛУЧАЙ С LUES – НОРМИ, ЗАБРАНИ И ПРЕДРАЗСЪДЪЦИ

Милена Димитрова, Росица Дойновска, Данчо Дилков, Траянка Григорова, Галина Димитрова

НОВА КОНЦЕПТУАЛНА И СИСТЕМАТИЧНА ТРАНСЦЕНДЕНТАЛНА АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ

Канавров, В. (2020). Трансценденталният път към човека. София: Изток-Запад, ISBN 978-619-01-0572-5, 512 с. Формат 16/70/100, 32 печатни коли

Книжка 1
УВАЖАЕМИ ЧИТАТЕЛИ,

Можем да определим и отминалата 2019 г. като изключително успешна в намеренията ни да превърнем списание „Философия“ в авто- ритетно международно издание. Присъстви- ето му в едни от най-престижните световни информационни бази го направи популярно и привлекателно за автори от целия свят. В ре- дакцията ни продължиха да се получават ръ- кописи от близки и далечни страни. Така през последните години тематичното съдържание на списанието постоянно се разнообразява- ше, а гео

PHILOSOPHY AND LIFE SCIENCES IN DIALOGUE

(2019). Philosophy and Life Sciences in Dialogue. Theoretical and Practical Questions. Proceedings of the IV. International Summer School Bioethics in Con- text; edited by Thomas Sören Hoffmann and Valentina Kaneva.

НОВАТА МОНОГРАФИЯ НА ВЕСЕЛИН ПЕТРОВ ВЪРХУ УАЙТХЕД

Petrov, V. (2019). Aspects of Whitehead’s Philosophy of Organism. Louvain-la- Neuve, Belgique: Les ‚ditions Chromatika. ISBN 978-2-930517-62-9, 154 p.

FREGE IN TWO DIMENSIONS

Lozev, K. (2019). A Review of "In the Eve, or the Other Revolution: Gottlob Frege". Blagoevgrad: BON. ISBN 978-954-395-228-1, 228 p.

2019 година
Книжка 4
KANT’S SYSTEM OF JUDGMENTS

Silviya Kristeva

ДРЕВНОИНДИЙСКИЯТ ФИЛОСОФ БХАРТРИХАРИ ЗА ПЪРВИ ПЪТ НА БЪЛГАРСКИ ЕЗИК

За изреченията и думите (Вакяпадия) на Бхартрихари Първа част Брахмаканда (Превод на български език, терминологичен речник и въведение Мирена Пацева)

НАУЧНО СПИСАНИЕ ФИЛОСОФИЯ BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHICAL EDUCATION ГОДИНА XXVIII / VOLUME 28, 2019 ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ / ANNUAL CONTENTS СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 112 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 113 – 224 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 225 – 336 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 337 – 448

BOOK REVIEWS / НОВИ ЗАГЛАВИЯ 99 – 103: За две нови монографии на Нонка Богомилова [For Nonka Bogomilova’s Two New Monographs] / Иванка Стъпова / Ivanka Stapova 104 – 105: Truth and Meaning. Categories of Logical Analysis of Language by Todor Polimenov / Kamen Lozev 208 – 212: Отзив за книгата на Андрей Лешков – „Ауратично и театрично“ (Основни светогледни тематизми на модерното естетическо мислене) [Review about Andrei Leshkov’s Monography – “Auratical and Theatrical”

Книжка 3
КАНТ ИЛИ КАНТ(ОР)

Валентин Аспарухов

A MONOGRAPH IN THE FIELD OF PHILOSOPHICAL LOGIC

Kristeva, S. (2018). Genesis and Field of Logical Theory. Studies in Philosophical Logic. Sofia: Faber

Книжка 2
ПСИХОСОЦИАЛНИ АСПЕКТИ НА РЕАКЦИЯТА НА СКРЪБ У МАЙКАТА СЛЕД НЕУСПЕШНА АСИСТИРАНА РЕПРОДУКЦИЯ

Милена Димитрова, Данчо Дилков, Галина Димитрова, Стоян Везенков, Росица Дойновска

ОТЗИВ ЗА КНИГАТА НА АНДРЕЙ ЛЕШКОВ – „АУРАТИЧНО И ТЕАТРИЧНО“ (ОСНОВНИ СВЕТОГЛЕДНИ ТЕМАТИЗМИ НА МОДЕРНОТО ЕСТЕТИЧЕСКО МИСЛЕНЕ)

Лешков, А. (2018). Ауратично и театрично. (Основни светогледни тематизми на модерното естетическо мислене). София: ОМДА. ISBN 978-954-9719-98-7

Книжка 1
УВАЖАЕМИ ЧИТАТЕЛИ,

И през изминалата 2018 г. редакционната ни колегия продължи да търси възможности и да постига успехи в главната си амбиция да утвърди списание „Философия“ като автори- тетно международно научно и методическо издание, публикуващо качествени текстове от областта на философията и нейното препода- ване. Така любимото ни списание беше вклю- чено и в още една изключително престижна световноизвестна база от данни с научна ин- формация. В своето писмо до нас редакторът д-

ЗА ДВЕ НОВИ МОНОГРАФИИ НА НОНКА БОГОМИЛОВА

Богомилова, Н. (2018). Религията днес: между Theos и Anthropos. София: Парадигма. ISBN: 978-954-326-351-6 Богомилова, Н. (2018). (Не) Човешкото: литературно-философски ракурси. София: Парадигма. ISBN: 978-954-326-365-3

TRUTH AND MEANING. CATEGORIES OF LOGICAL ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE BY TODOR POLIMENOV

Polimenov, T. (2018). Truth and Meaning. Categories of Logical Analysis

2018 година
Книжка 4
ФИЛОСОФИЯ НАУЧНО СПИСАНИЕ BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHICAL EDUCATION ГОДИНА XXVII / VOLUME 27, 2018 ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ / ANNUAL CONTENTS

СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 120 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 121 – 224 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 225 – 336 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 337 – 456

Книжка 3
Книжка 2
Книжка 1
УВАЖАЕМИ ЧИТАТЕЛИ,

През октомври 2016 г. компанията Clarivate Analytics откупува цялата интелектуална соб- ственост и търговските дейности, свързани с науката, на световноизвестния медиен гигант Thomson Reuters. Сред най-ценните продукти на тази придобивка е Web of Science – прес- тижната световна система за анализ и оцен- ка на въздействието на научните публикации в глобален план. Амбицията на Clarivate е да превърне Web of Science в още по-ефектив- на платформа, чрез която да се стимулир

БОЛКАТА КАТО РАЗБУЛВАНЕ

Лазар Копринаров

В ОБУВКИТЕ НА ДЕТЕ

Христо Симеонов

2017 година
Книжка 4
SHERRY BY ELIANE LIMA

(USA, 24 m. 2017)

ФИЛОСОФИЯ НАУЧНО СПИСАНИЕ BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHICAL EDUCATION ГОДИНА XXVI / VOLUME 26, 2017 ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ / ANNUAL CONTENTS

СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 120 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 121 – 240 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 241 – 352 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 353 – 480

Книжка 3
ВОЛЯ ЗА САМОТА

Жан Либи

Книжка 2
МЕТАКРИТИКА

Йохан Георг Хаман

Книжка 1
УВАЖАЕМИ ЧИТАТЕЛИ,

През миналата година списание „Фило- софия“ навърши 25 години – четвърт век не просто присъствие в съвременната културна среда, а активно участие в опознаването на непредсказуемо развиващия се свят, в сътво- ряването на смисъл и отстояването на свето- гледни принципи. Стотиците наши автори и хилядите ни читатели се превърнаха в устой- чива общност от съмишленици, които активно общуваха помежду си чрез страниците на лю- бимото ни списание в търсене на ценн

2016 година
Книжка 4
АВТОНОМИЯ И МОРАЛ

Веселина Славова

Книжка 3
МОРAЛНАТА ИДЕНТИЧНОСТ

Димитър Богданов

Книжка 2
ТРАНСЦЕНДЕНТАЛНОТО СЪЗНАНИЕ VERSUS ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧНОТО НЕСЪЗНАВАНО

(Национална конференция по случай 160 години от рождението на Зигмунд Фройд)

ТЕМАТИЗАЦИИТЕ НА ДРУГОСТТА В БИОГРАФИЧНИЯ ПРОЕКТ – ОТ СРЕЩИТЕ В ЕЖЕДНЕВИЕТО ДО СБЛЪСЪКА СЪС СМЪРТТА

Градев, Д., Маринов, А., Карабельова, С. и др. (2015). Другите в биографията на личността. София: УИ „Св. Климент Охридски“, 2015, ISBN: 9789540740324, с. 256.

Книжка 1
УВАЖАЕМИ ЧИТАТЕЛИ,

Измина още една година, през която заедно търсихме отговорите на сложни философски въпроси, съпреживявахме съмненията и тре- петите на нашите нови и на познати автори, споделяхме техните умозаключения или опо- нирахме на изводите им и така взаимно обо- гатявахме знанията си. Увеличеният тираж и разнообразната тематика на публикуваните текстове повишиха значително интереса към списанието, което е видно и от удвоения брой абонати. През изтеклата година п

ТОПИКА НА АПРИОРНОТО

Силвия Кръстева

2015 година
Книжка 4
Книжка 3
ИЗБОР И СВОБОДА

Ангел С. Стефанов

ИЗБОРЪТ НА НОВИЯ HOMO CREABILIS

Таня Желязкова – Тея

Книжка 2
НИКОЛАЙ ХАРТМАН И ПЪТЯТ СЛЕД ПОСТМОДЕРНИЗМА

Димитър Цацов „Забравеният“ философ. Традициите на презентацио- низма и приносът на Николай Хартман. София, Изд. „Пропелер“, 2014 г., ISBN 978-954-392-282-6, 186 с.

Книжка 1
ЕРОСЪТ И ВЪЗВИШЕНОТО

Невена Крумова

МОДА И ВРЕМЕ

(към една антропология на обличането)

ФИЛОСОФИЯ НА ФИЛМА

Томас Вартенберг

DYING AND DEATH IN 18

Olga Gradinaru

ЗА ФРЕНСКАТА ФИЛОСОФИЯ В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Нина Димитрова Появилата се наскоро антология Френската философия в българската фи- лософска култура успешно изпълнява амбициозната задача да издири мно- жеството свидетелства – статии, студии и монографии, за присъствието на френското културно влияние у нас в един значителен исторически период – от Възраждането до наши дни. Самото възвестяване на тази задача впечатля- ва. Доколкото също притежавам немалък опит в „ровенето“ на пръснатите по хуманитарната ни книжнина текстов

2014 година
Книжка 4
БЪЛГАРСКИЯТ ZEITGEIST

Камелия Жабилова

Книжка 3
МАРКС ПИШЕ ПИСМО ДО МАРКС

Райнхард Маркс Биографични данни за автора: Кардинал Райнхард Маркс (Reinhard Marx) е роден през 1953 г. в Ге-

ПРОЕКТ E-MEDIEVALIA

Татяна Славова

Книжка 2
СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ И РЕАЛНОСТ

Станислав Пандин

Книжка 1
2013 година
Книжка 4
ПРОПОЗИЦИОНАЛНИ ВЪПРОСИ

Светла Йорданова

Книжка 3
Книжка 2
СЪЗНАНИЕ И ВРЕМЕ

Александър Андонов

„ВЪЗПЯВАМ ЕЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОТО ТЯЛО“

Анета Карагеоргиева

Книжка 1
ПАРМЕНИД И МИТЪТ ЗА ФАЕТОН

Георги Апостолов

IBN SINA – GREAT ISLAMIC THINKER

Tursun Gabitov, Maral Botaeva

ДЗЕН – ПЪТЯТ НА ХАРМОНИЯТА

Светлин Одаджиев

ПРИСЪДА И СЪДБА

Стоян Асенов

2012 година
Книжка 4
ИДЕЯТА НА КСЕНОФАН ЗА ЕДИННОТО

Станислава Миленкова

ФИЛОСОФИЯ

EDUCATIONAL JOURNAL

Книжка 3
Книжка 2
Книжка 1
ФИЛОСОФЪТ НА КЛАСИКАТА

Борис Борисов Поводът за настоящия текст е новата книга на проф. д.ф.н. Валентин Ка- навров, озаглавена „Пътища на метафизиката. Кант и Хайдегер“ . Тя пред- ставлява финалната трета част от теоретичната трилогия на проф. Канавров, включваща още двете поредни монографии „Критическата метафизика на Кант. Опит за виртуалистки трансцендентализъм“ и „Критически онтологеми на духовността“. Ще поставя началото на рецензията с няколко думи за личността на авто- ра, доколкото дори най-абстра

©2005 Национално Издателство Аз-Буки ООД. Всички права запазени.