Обучение по природни науки и върхови технологии

2017/6, стр. 903 - 921

TECHNOGENESIS OF GEOECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS OF NORTHEN KAZAKHSTAN: PROGRESS, DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION

Резюме: The article is about landscape-geochemical research on techno-agricultural systems of Northern Kazakhstan. The following four techno-agricultural geoecosystems of Northern Kazakhstan are displayed hereunder: Tobyl-Kostanay, Yesil, Yertis-Pavlodar and Central Yesil. Travel and spread of pollution and heavy metals in soil layers play critical part during such researches. The result of this work is a map model of techno-agricultural geoecosystems of Northern Kazakhstan.

Ключови думи: techno-agricultural geoecosystems; geosystems; pollution; technogenic factors

Introduction

The study of changes in consistent patterns of landscape formations of Northern Kazakhstan within a market economy is one of the least observed problems of nowadays geography. This can be explained by the lack of any comprehensive efforts in geographical research of one of the biggest regions of Kazakhstan. The last studies that were made in this field refer to the years of virgin land clearing, except for the research works on agricultural production, tourism and local problems of technogenesis in Kostanay and Pavlodar regions.

The aim is to study and highlight the peculiarities of techno and agrogenic pollution of the environment of Northern Kazakhstan.

Influence of human industrial activity increased over the last years of the 20th century, when the quantity of descendants of pollution matters reached the level of irreversible changes. The vivid example of such natural and anthropogenious process is the territory of Northern Kazakhstan including Kostanay, North Kazakhstan, Akmola and Pavlodar regions. High level of agricultural industry, increase of efficiency of agriculturally used lands in the 60-es of the last century, abrupt enhancement of mining industry, agricultural machinery, mechanic, instrument and electrical engineering, as well as increase and development of infrastructure in the beginning of the twenty first century resulted in the loss of essential natural potential of the region.

At the present moment discovering and exploration of the four techno-agricultural geoecosystems of Northern Kazakhstan (Tobyl-Kostanay, Yesil-Petropavlovsk, Yertis-Pavlodar and Central Yesil systems) are of current interest taking into account the dinamics of powerful process of agro-tecnogenesis.

According to the extent and level of exposure of anthropogenic activity on geosystems, the anthropogenic factors can be devided into agrogenic and technogenic factors. Most of the factors that influence over environment are of agricultural origin (dryland farming, animal and poultry breeding etc.).

Following the decision of the February and March Plenum of Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (dated 1954) named “About furthermost increase of grain production in the country and about clearing of virgin and fallow lands”, 19 million hectares of land were ploughed and developed in Northern Kazakhstan. As a result, plough land coverage increased by four times, including grain crop lands which increased by 7.2 times.

Comparing to the pre-war period, the amount of industrial production in Northern Kazakhstan increased by 18 times. Those years cheap thermal coals (Ekibastuz, Kushmurun coal basins) and magnetite iron ores (Sokolovo-Sarbayskiy Mining and Processing Industrial Complex) were highly developed. There was built the giant iron-ore Lisakovskiy Integrated Plant. It was the time of rapid development of bauxite production (Turgayskiy Mining Plant), agricultural and chemical machinery, instrument engineering, production of different construction materials, spare parts and frameworks. The overall railway length in 1963 reached the number of four thousand kilometers. Population of the region grew through this year up to 1.6 million people.

Against the background of these positive changes and economic growth, the 1980-es showed the reduction of grain yields due to the loss of humus matter in top soil layers (up to 7 – 10 dt/ha); the increase of wind erosion caused impoverishment of natural pastures (up to 1.5dt/ha); the quality of surface waters and their volume decreased alongside with water-salt exchange deterioration and groundwater reduction. Plowing and overall involvement of vast areas of virgin lands for agricultural purpose resulted in a sharp reduction of hayfield meadows and pasture grounds in Northern Kazakhstan and triggered off a long crisis in one of the traditional branches of agriculture in the Republic – animal breeding.

Though possessing significant natural resource potential, by the year 2000 Northern Kazakhstan was typical to have semi-desert, cryophyte lands and hills with summer-spring and autumn pastures that had lost their value, and depleted grasslands in the flood plains of many rivers and lakes.

Almost all geosystems in Northern Kazakhstan transformed from natural into anthropogenically disturbed or indirectly altered by anthropogenic activities. Direction, intensityand scale of changes are determined by existing in every geoecosystem natural-anthropogenic processes, internal structural changes and disturbances. Together, they determine the geo-ecological quality of modern geoecosystem and become an essential element of integrated landscape research. The evaluation of geoecological detailsof modern geoecosystems is made for the study of landscape-geoecological conditions that were formed in new conditions of economic management and reinforcementof anthropogenic factors.

Object of research

The objects of research are techno-agrogeoecosystemsof Northern Kazakhstan. Techno-agro-geo-ecological system is a complex area that was formed under the influence of anthropogenic factors which determine the overall technological transformation in the conditions of intensive impact of agricultural production. Evaluation of geo-ecological detailsof modern geoecosystems has its aim to study landscape-geoecological conditions generated under the new economic circumstances and enhancement of technogenic factors.

Basing on the analysis and synthesis of the results of previously performed studies, we have compiled maps for summer field works (June – September, 2015 – 2016), sampled different soils, collected rich herbarium in geobotanical transects. There were 24 investigated index plots in the basins of three rivers of Northern Kazakhstan. The map of index plots is shown in Fig. 1.

Materials and methods

The research was carried out by conventional methods of geoecology, landscape science and landscape geochemistry.

Geophysical properties of landscapes were studied using methods proposed (Beruchashvili, 1990). Geochemical studies were carried out based on the methodology developed (Kasimov, 1988; Avessalomova, 1992; Glazovskaya, 1983). Evaluation of aerogenic pollution sources was carried out upon the scale (Saet, 1990) and scales of ecological regulation of heavy metals in soils (Zyrin, Obukhov, 1983). In landscape-ecological research in the region used the approaches proposed in the works (Geldyeva, 2008; Тrapeznikova, 2002; Turner, Gardner, O’Neill, 2001; Chang, Lee, Bai, Lin; 2006; Bastian, Steinhardt, 2002; Buyantuyev, Wu, 2007). Landscape-typological map was made up as is created on the methodology of Solntsev (1949, 2001), Mamai (1972, 2005), and Isachenko (1991), Sochava (1978, 2005).

Figure 1. Northern Kazakhstan map of key sites and investigation routes

Particular emphasis should be put on the comprehensive nature of the research, using the latest research techniques (GIS, satellite image interpretation, etc.). The main feature of the studies were field investigations and observations made during expeditions along the routes determined on the basis of our landscape-geoecological maps and other maps of different assignment and science branches.

Climate and hydrological indicators were derived from the data represented in “Instructions of Kazgidromet service” as well as from annual bulletins of Kazhydromet in the last 10 years. Kazgidromet data also served as a source of information on hydro chemical indicators. Determination of pollution level of technogenic and anthropogenic origin was conducted when sampling and analysing samples of soil and water.. In this connection we used the indicators of main pollutants - heavy metals, sulfates, nitrites.

Theoretical background to the study of geosystems of river basin territories

Theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the concept of geo-system approach developed in the writings of (Sochava, 1978), the notion of basin (Koritny, 2001) and the geosistem-basin approach to study geosystems (Dzhanaleyeva, 2008).

The contents of the physical-geographical laws in the landscape studies are fully applicable to the two main theoretical and methodological approaches defined by F.N. Milkov (1954, 1977) and N.A. Solntsev (1949) in the last century and named in the literature typological and regional. For many years, landscape mapping was carried out on the basis of these two approaches. At present these approaches (regional and typological) do not solve complex scientific problems in landscape science and physical geography, the solution of which is important for the growing economy of our country. A regional approach is simply outdated and obsolete. The use of typological approach in physical geography does not solve geo-environmental problems. The increasing influence of anthropogenic factors on the natural environment creates different background of reverse reactions of landscapes in the processes of self-regulation. In this respect the “typification” of geoecological situations on a landscape basis will lead to more unreliability of scientific research.

The most suitable approach for solution of applied land-improving and other tasks is geosystem-basin approach where the researcher-geographer provides control over the condition of environment and natural resources of the basin, and conducts a full range of research activities from description to management. The basic geosystem-basin approach is a physical law - the law of conservation of matter and energy, balance method. After tracing down the possible ways of input and output of matter and energy in the fluvial geosystem and measuring the flows, we can judge by the difference about the ways accumulation in the geosystem or destruction of the considered variables occurred.

Geosystem-basin approach takes priority while studying space-temporal relationships between geosystems. When traditional landscape studies space and time are treated separately, a landscape map as a model of physical-geographical features considers only the spatial relationships of geosystems. Space-temporal relationships of real geosystems of river basin are characterized by continuity (Dzhanaleyeva, 2008).

The research materials

The climate of the region is characterized by hot summer, relatively cold winter and little amount of precipitations. Cloud cover is relatively small. The annual number of sunshine hours reaches 2500 KJ and is about 70% of possible sunshine goes for summer months. Daily number of solar radiation in the North of the region in June equals to 550 and in the South to 600 cal/cm2. Rainfall in the Northern part of the region may be considered close to normal, i.e. precipitation, with the exception of certain years, covers evaporation, and it’s quantity is significantly more in summer than in winter. The southern part has less rainfall, especially in summer months, while evaporation increases and natural hydration becomes insufficient. This is especially noticeable on the plains – in the Torgay valley and on the left bank of the Yertis.

Climate changes in the region are relatively small and depend mainly on topography. Torgay and Pavlodar plains have a little colder winter, summer is hotter and drier than in the elevated part of the region. Most hot and dry parts of the region are semi-desert South-Western areas.

The season of frost lasts averagely for about 5.5 months from the end of October to mid-April. The coldest winter month is January, average temperature here reaches -27°C and varies little across the territory; the least cold (-37°C) is elevated central part of the region. The largest capacity of snow cover can be seen in the second half of March and is about 30 cm in Torgay and Pavlodar plains and 40 – 50 cm in the central regions of Northern Kazakhstan.

Winds cause frequent blizzards and affect the distribution of snow cover in the fields. In spring average daily temperature, except for some days, is above zero, but some frost is possible in nighttime, especially during the so-called “cold spell”.

The average temperature in the geosystems of the Northern outskirts in July (the warmest month) is around +19°C and +23°C, +24°C in the South.

In conditions of steppe and semidesert landscapes of Northern Kazakhstan waters are alkaline and neutral. The humus layer of soils possesses little nutrient accumulation (R=1,3 – 1,5) and sorption of mobile forms. The landscapes of calcium class have weak lateral migration of technogenic substances of some heavy metals. In the landscapes of meadow-marsh and sodic soil their mobility increases and they are actively involved in biological cycle. Copper and other heavy metals are mostly concentrated in surface water and soil, and in wormwood and goosefoot plants. The coefficient of lateral differentiation of heavy metals decay products reaches 5-8 and moving differentiation is up to 8 – 15 in the soda-alkaline landscapes of the middle part of the Northern Kazakhstan. These substances reduce the biological productivity of landscapes.

Soils and riverine sediments concentrate pollutants both in gross and mobile forms. In sediments of surface waters and upper soil layers, the surface atmospheric layer of urban landscapes there are being formed technogenic flows of scattering. Such anomalies are typical for the urban agglomeration of Kostanay and Pavlodar and Stepnogorsk industrial sites.

Active migration of the compounds of Ni[(Ni(OH))]3 indicates that it is being accumulated in certain types of alkali soils. According to various evaluations, Clark degree of one of the rarest elements – mercury – is 3 – 9*10 – 6%. Saukov (1975) suggested that annual halos of vapor appear over the territory with high mercury concentration. The stated gas halos, such as in Pavlodar, may also appear in different areas of the landscapes with sulfide or chloride compounds.

Oxidizing and alkaline environment prevents the accumulation and migration of Mn. Black and chestnut soils of Northern Kazakhstan generally contain more manganese.

Results and discussion

The research work has been conducted on the basis of geosystems-basin approach, developed (Dzhanaleyeva, 2008).

Main means for the classification of geosystemswithin river basins were satellite images and maps of component analysis. During the research wehave allocated Obsk-Tobol, Obsk-Yesil and Obsk-Yertismezo geosystems consisting of a number ofsubgeosystems.

We divided the territory of Northern Kazakhstan into the following four techno-agrogeoecosystems which in turn include a number of subsystems (the schematic map of techno-agro-ecosystems is shown in Fig. 2): (1) Tobyl-Kostanay techno-agrogeoecosystem: A) North-Tobylagrogenic system; B) Sokolovo-Rudny industrial system; C) Zhitikarinskytechnogenic-nuclear system; (2) Central Yesiltechno-agrogeoecosystem: A) Kokshetauagrogenic system; B) Stepnogorsktechnogenic system; C) Astana residential-industrial system; (3) Yesil-Petropavlovsk residential-agrogenicgeoecosystem; (4) Yertis-Pavlodar techno-agrogeoecosystem: A) North-Pavlodar agrogenic system; B) Pavlodar-Aksu techno-nuclear system; C) Ekibastuz anthropogenic system.

TobylKostanaytechno-agrogeoecosystem

This techno-agrogeosystemsis formed along the valley of the Tobolriver.The strategic enterprises of the area are of mining industry. It keeps up to 45.4% of all the industrial production of this area. In addition, 32 companies in other industries are the sources of pollution.Overall production has recently increased from 36.2% to 69.5% (LLP “KarasuYet”, “Kazogneupor Plant”, “Kostanay minerals”, Dairy unit, etc.). In connection with the observed increase of production the negative impact on the natural environment has amplified.

Figure 2. The map-scheme of Northern Kazakhstan`s techno-agrogeosystems

In 2015 we have defined the following index plots within this techno-agrogeosystem:

The index plot No. 4 was defined at 6500 m away from the water’s edge of Tobol, on the first terrace above the flood.

As a result of economic activities, many sidestreams and the Tobol itself is being regulated by numerous ponds. The river is fed mainly by snow while rainfall and groundwater play a minor role. Strong variability of the annual runoff is typical for the river when the annual average water consumption exceeds the long-term average by several times.

The site is an area with a mosaic facies, soils and vegetation which are greatly oppressed. The depression of the vegetation cover can be explained by intensive water erosion. The efficiency not the elevated areas equals 3,8 – 6,2 dt/ha. Vegetation species composition is mostly represented by a high degree of weeds. Anthropogenic wastelands (with the size of 10 x 40 m) that appeared due to overgrazing are typical for the area. There are small lakes of the river valley fully overgrown with reeds (17 – 22 kg/ ha) are found in great amounts here. Water in the lakes is dirty and cannot be used for human consumption.

In the territory of index plot No. 5 there was found a marsh-ridden plot of land that was caused by unscheduled release of water from industrial production. We stated vegetation clearing-off and the loss of the natural capacity of soils in the site. Small anthropogenic landforms produced through economic activityincrease the ruggedness of the terrain, which causes mineral, organo-mineral and bacteriological pollution of surface and groundwaters.

We have taken samples from four boreholes along the water line of the river to its watershed. Strong contamination by decay products of heavy metals is typical for the epicenter of the anomalies of this system. Contamination along the floodplain is zonal and is dominated by Zn and Pb.

The landscape of large areas of the Western outskirts of Kostanay region is polluted by decay products of ferrous compounds. Due to high Clarke degree (4.65%) and its chemical properties, Fe plays a crucial part in technogenic landscapes. There are more than 300 Fe minerals – oxides, sulphides, silicates, carbonates, phosphates. The ratio of dissolved and suspended forms of Fe in surface waters depends on the terrain, the alkaline-acid and redox conditions, presence of organic matters and other factors. Due to the high Clarke the iron accumulates in colloid, organic and truly-soluble forms in this landscapes.

There is also manganese entering the water and soil in the Tobol-Kostanaytechno-agrogeoecosystem. However, it does not form contrast technogenic anomalies and enters the landscape during development of ores, agricultural use and with waste waters. Aluminum salts are amphoteric elements and dissolve only in strongly acidic and strongly alkaline solutions, so in the acidic environment aluminum forms a soluble anionic-charged fulvate complexes, which have little effect on the processes of landscape forming. These and other pollutants in their different forms and compounds affect the functioning of geosystems of Northern Kazakhstan.

Yesil-Petropavlovsk residential-agrogenicgeoecosystem

This techno-agrogenic system is the most prosperous in agricultural terms. Sufficient rainfall, lack of large enterprises and zonal conditions create optimal conditions for the development of agriculture.

The index plot No. 13 was definedin the floodplain of the Yesilriver within 8 km from the South-Eastern suburbs of Petropavlovsk. This is an elevated ground plain with grassforb meadow steppes on black soils interlaced with groves of birch. The area was laid out on the border of loamy old-lake lowland plains in complex with meadow-steppe alkali soil. The index plot has traces of grazing. The topsoil contains only 1.2% of humus. The content of nutrients (Na, K, P) is drastically reduced.

The signs of accumulation and transformation of sediments and traces of dumping of solid waste are clearly seen. Such natural complexes with stand repeated increase of substances of anthropogenic origin during their transeluvial accumulation. The observed area is a transit environment, directly receiving the emissions of the Petropavlovsk enterprises.

Anthropogenic products accumulated in water and soils negatively affect the quality of surface runoff and the biota. The central part of the investigated area performs oppressed vegetation communities (white wormwood, feather grass and geese foot). Not a single plant had a flower or earing during flowering time. Plant communities have negative influence of technogenic anomalies of Petropavlovsk, the soil of which has the concentration of zinc, lead and nickel increased by 3 – 10%. Emissions mainly consist of paedogeochemicallyactive substances that alter the acid-alkaline and oxidation-reduction conditions of soils. In general, slightly toxic elements with high Clarkes – Fe, Mg, Ca and alkaline elements that increase the pollution of Petropavlovsk and have a negative effect on tree and shrub formations and their productivity. When observing woods in the index plot, technogenic accumulation obscures the background eluvial-illuvial differentiation of the soil.

Central Yesil techno-agrogeoecosystem

The index plot No. 14 lies in 50 km South-East from Kokshetau. Anthropogenically transformed area of the plot is the nucleus of the anthropogenic influence. There are many industrial landfills near the town. Large areas and absence of large industrial complexes create favorable conditions for the development of agricultural production. Index of productivity of plant communities is 7 – 8 dt/ha.

Kokshetau is one of the cleanest cities in Kazakhstan because of good ventilation. All polluting ingredients found in the index plot are in the range from 0.02 to 7.9 MAC, copper – 9.3 MAC, cadmium – 1.5 MAC, zinc – from 0,04to 1.8 MAC. The most polluted area is the area of the North-West, where the lead concentration was 7.9 MAC, copper – 6.3 MAC, zinc-1.1 MAC. But while within the city the polluting ingredients are in the range of 7 – 9 MAC (for copper, cadmium, lead and other heavy metals), the territories of dryland farming 1.5 km away from the index plot have evident influence of the decay products of many heavy metals. The productivity of vegetation here has dramatically reduced to 1.8 dt/ha.

Stepnogorsk technogenic system

The index plots No. 15 and 16 are situated in 2.5 km from the town of Stepnogorsk. The content of heavy metals in the soil of Stepnogorsk according to the Central research laboratory (2013) are represented in Table 1.

Table 1. The content of heavy metals in Stepnogorsk technobiogeom soils

ElementMAC, %CitySanitary zoneTechnogenesis zoneArsenic, %0,0010,00,00,0Cobalt, %0,0150,00320,0120,0152Lead, %0,0050,00250,00170,0064Nickel, %0,0150,01330,0040,008Zink, %0,050,01660,01120,208Cadmium, %0,0050,00040,00,0005U, %0,0020,00,00,0001

The content of cobalt, lead and nickel are within the permissible limits. Though the geochemical anomality of the city territory is relatively low, there is an industrial ring (7 km from the city of Stepnogorsk) where a lot of ash-slag deposits and dumps are allocated which cannot be evaluated under the cover of snow and soils. Here can be found contrast anomalous zones adjacent to technogenic sources. Activation of isotopes of uranium is rather weak in Stepnogorsk industrial complex. Decay products of this substance actively migrate in the water and concentrate on multiple barriers.

The index plot No. 19was defined on the dividing surfaces of the left bank of the Yesilriver, along 26 km of a dirt road in the direction of downstream. Loessial deposits cover bedding rocks, which lie close to the surface, as a mantle. Non-contrast radial differentiation of the trace elements and particle size distribution downwards from the top of the hill to the foot is typical for the plot. Autonomous downslope position of the plot retains maximum accumulation of heavy metal salts. Soil and vegetation has transformed into meadows. Soil isslightly humic (up 2.5%). Vegetation is sparse, weed grass prevails. Salinity is fragmentary. There are no conditions for the formation of contrasting geochemical anomalies. The area is heavily littered; there are a lot of visible signs of excessive cattle grazing.

Pavlodar-Aksu techno-nuclear system

Landscapes of industrial sites are mostly contaminated with the results of technogenic activities. Pavlodar city is a diversified industrial center, there are 87 industrial enterprises in the city. The largest of them are: aluminum (Pavlodar Aluminum Plant) machine, cardboard roofing, chemical (Pavlodar Chemical Plant), petrochemical (Pavlodar Petrochemical Plant), shipbuilding and ship-repairing, tool, tractor (Pavlodar Tractor Plant), rubber plants, steel and electrical plants. In addition, there are 3 CHPs, more than 20 boilers and 5751 units of private housing in the territory of the city, which annually burn a total of more than 3.5 million tons of coal. Enterprises’ emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere of Pavlodar in 2013 amounted to 134.5 thousand tons, in 2015 – 109,778 thousand tonnes (Table 2). Additionally, 13.1 thousand tons of pollutants enter the atmosphere with the exhaust gases of vehicles (42231 units).

Table 2. The chemical composition of ash and dust in the territory of technobiogeom of Pavlodar-Aksy techno-nuclear system in 2015

Ingredients, mg/kgPavlodar CHPAluminium PlantLead, water-soluble0,215,2Cadmium, water-soluble0,070,6Mercury, gross4,624,55Fluoride, water-soluble10,025,5

Pavlodar-Aksu techno-nuclear system has major anomalies of toxicants, which are
dominated by metals of1st and 2nd classes of toxicity (lead, cadmium, mercury, nickel, etc.)
Parameters and the degree of contamination are amplified in winter because snow accumulates all the pollutants, which are lately infiltrated into soil and water.

The territory of the dividing surfaces of the North-Western outskirts and South-Eastern part of the region were mostly polluted.

The index plot No. 20 was set in the floodplain of the Yertisriveron alluvial plains. The processes of soils dehumification can be traced on the plot. Alluvial accumulation arerapidly eroded, and hydrofine-grass vegetation is replaced by xerophytic shrubs and spiraea-willow communities. Surface runoff is very dirty. According to Kazgidrometthe violation of maximum permissible concentration has been identified among four different factors: – fluorides – 11.2 MPC sulfates – 10.0 MPC, magnesium - 8.1 MPC, chlorides – 5.5 MPC. This increased activation of technogenesiscan be explained by increased production volumes at petrochemical and pipe-casting plants.

The index plot No. 22 is situated 400 m away from the edge of the Yertisriver. The plot is within steppe landscape. The level of self-organization and sustainability of steppe landscapes is inferior to the forest one. They have the closed cycle. When technogenesis takes place in steppe geoecosystems, the initial natural state is easily disturbed and difficult to recover. In the natural steppegeoecosystems cereals contain more Si, Ca, Na and other elements, that is why in the steppes of Northern Kazakhstan aridonit species were formed movable and actively absorb aniongenic elements.

In the index plots No. 20 and 22 total biomass of vegetation cover is reduced to 10 dt/ha. Reserves of humus in the soil are 150 – 170 dt/ha, its content in upper levels decreases to 3 – 4,5% alongside with increase of fulvic acid. According to the analysis of balance of migration-capable forms of trace elements in typical black soils it varies from humus to illuvial carbonate level. The upper layer of the soil is mostly dominated by Co, Mn, Pb and Cd, while thin and more inert, adsorbed forms are of subordinate importance. Under the influence of technogenesis the lateral migration of trace elements is more intensive in higher areas of watershed-draw-gully catenas of typical black soils. Hydrogenic accumulation of the researched area is poorly traced.

The index plot No. 24was seton the watershed of the North-Eastern outskirts of Bayanaulmountains. This plot is presented by interchanged ridges and depressions with the outputs of the parent rocks. There are processes of salinization and desalinization being observed on the plot. Selected soil samples showed interchange between alkaline black soils with alkali and soda saline soils. Anthropogenic products affect their soda-sulfate salinization, increasing them.Vegetation is mostly represented by meadow communities. In some places there were evidences of waterlogging, as part of the terrace was once a flood plain. The processes of soil salinization and soil alkalinity form alkali meadows here. The lowering of the base level caused of began desalinization, which led to the intensification of humification. Modern depressions and slopes of the plot show us traces of metals. Water here is calcium-bicarbonate. The productivity of plant communities is low and equals 6 – 7.5 dt/ha.

Geoecosystems of Northern Kazakhstan in damp years show higher productivity of vegetable communities, but at the same time the number of protein and nitrogen in plants seeds decreases. If the territories’ plants are mostly representatives of composite family, then the ashes type generally is mainly calcic and calcium-sodium (content reaches 10%). According to the obtained data there were made the following ranks of a general biogenesity of macrocells: Cl, S, P, K, Ca, Mn, Si, Al, Fe.

Lately the total reserves of humus were measured in geoecosystems of meadow steppes. This figure showed 600 dt/ha, and that means its decrease in recent years (in 1960, the number of humus on 1 ha amounted to 900 MT). Repeated intensification of desertification and xerophytization leadsto predominance ofhumic acids over fulvic acids (HA/FA=1.5 to 2.0).

PetropavlovskAstanaPavlodarKostanayKokshetau

Figure 3. Fragment of the map-scheme of anthropogenic impact on the environment of Northern Kazakhstan

On investigating black soils on different index plots of Kostanai, Kokshetau and Pavlodar regions we can state the following: mildly alkaline environment intensifies and solubility of humic acids weakens along with high absorption capacity and abundance of organic colloids. Non-leaching water regime of the soil being intensified by the lack of precipitation in summer of 2015 defined low migration of many chemical elements. In this connection we can see increase aridonit plants in the area.

We have created a set of index-maps basing on geoenvironmental indicators of quality of geosystems. Basing on the data from index plots recorded in July 2015 we created a set of index-maps of mezo- and subgeosystems ofLysakovsk, Zhetikarinsk, Stepnogorsk, Ekibastuz, Pavlodar-Aksu units (Figs. 3 – 6).

PetropavlovskKostanayKokshetauPavlodarAstana

Figure 4. Fragment of the map-scheme of technogenic changes in the geosystems of Northern Kazakhstan

PavlodarAstanaPetropavlovskKostanayKokshetau

Figure 5. The map-scheme of the degree of technogenic variability of the natural resource potential of Northern Kazakhstan

PetropavlovskAstanaPavlodarKostanayKokshetau

Figure 6. The map-scheme of the nuclei of the technogenic load on the environment of Northern Kazakhstan

An important step of the research was the assessment of geo-environmental quality of techno-agrogenicgeoecosystems on the basis of their qualitative and quantitative factors. By way of example, geoecological assessment of the quality of Tobol-Kostanaytechno-agrogeoecosystemis shown in Table 3. Geosystem-basin qualitative numbers of Tobol-Kostanaytechno-agrogeoecosystem, on the basis of which the assessment was performed, are shown in

Table 3.

Table 3. The evaluation of geoecological quality of geosystems of the Tobyl-Kostanay techno-agrogeoecosystems

GeosystemEconomicdevelopmentStructuralchanges in thelandscapeNatural-AnthropogenicProcessesQuality ofthe techno-agrogenicsystem10Natural-animal-agrogenicPastures,elds of rainfedfarming,recreationalareas.80% - pastures,10% - arableland,10% -mudowIntensiveprocesses of atushing, weakerosion, alteredwater erosionprocessesMidle,stable,su󰀨usive
76, 77Natural-techno-anthropogenicPastures,rainfed lands,anthropogenicwasteland.10%- transportlands,10% - elds10% - PasturesProcesses ofat ushing,deation,su󰀨osionUnstable,poorlyeroded,erosion-deationary73, 74Natural-technogenic-residentialIndustrialdumps,wastelandsof developedareas.60%-miningindustryWeak erosion,altered bywater erosionprocesses,deationaryWasteland-man-made, -slagheap-basin -ridge-like

In addition, basing on the obtained data we analyzed geosystems qualityfor intensity of natural and anthropogenic processes. The results of such analysis of geosystemsquality for intensity of natural and anthropogenic processes of Tobyl-Kostanay techno-agrogeosystemare in Table 4.

Table 4. The quality of geosystems based on the intensity of natural-anthropogenic processes Tobyl-Kostanay techno-agrogeosystem

CategoriesQuality of thetechno-agrogenicsystemIntensity of developmentof natural-anthropogenicprocesses10AgriculturalGeosystemsIntensively functioningThe strong, natural-anthropogenicprocesses depend on the degreeof pasture degradation.73MiningGeosystemsUnstable, poorlyfunctioningMiddle, some negative processesdevelop moderately, require intensivenature conservation measures.77Industrial-residentialWeak-resistant, middle-functioningStrong industry-dependent factorsof industrial production.74Transport-residentialUnstable, poorlyfunctioningStrong, slightly depends on theintensity of the functioningof transport and residential facilities.

Conclusions

Profound geo-ecological changes in the landscape of Northern Kazakhstan raise a number of new problems, the solution of which is important in the modern development of agricultural and industrial branches of the region and in powerful processes of agro-tecnogenesis. In our view, the prioritiesshould include a strategy of land use and land management, development of landscape-geoecological concept of the region, including environmental protection activities and monitoring of prospective solutions, creation of regional ecological plan on protection of desertification, development of scientific foundations of regional monitoring of industrial systems for sustainable development of the region (Ronov & Ermishkina, 1953).

The processes of anthropogenic desertification are clearly illustrated by landscape transformation in arid alluvial and lacustrine-alluvial plains. Unstable river water levels caused significant changes of hydromorphic geosystems. Hydromorphic landscapes experience different stages of changes under the influence of anthropogenic changes. On the background of desertification, different salts intensively consetrate. Under these conditions, salt complexes are formed in shallow groundwaters that results in their further semi-automorphic and automorphic development with the decrease of the groundwater level. Such a pattern can be seen in the landscapes of river valleys of Northern Kazakhstan where hydromorphic transformation of geosystems has been observed.

As a result of this work, we collected the information basis for the functioning of techno-agro geoecosystems of the region, starting with the period of development of virgin land to a modern state, developed the structural model of techno-agrogenic geoecosystems, created sets of maps reflecting the geoecological state of techno-agro geoecosystems of Northern Kazakhstan. Using the structural model of techno-agrogeoecosystem andcreated GIS database of the region, it is possible to perform the dynamics, development and evolution of the techno-agro geoecosystems of Northern Kazakhstan. We created a structural model that reflects internal structure of the techno-agrogeoecosystems of Northern Kazakhstan and relationships between its sub geosystems and sets.

Modern techno-agro geoecosystem is a natural-anthropogenic formation with a complex internal structure that performs specific functions and which provides the conditions of human life.

REFERENCES

Avessalomova, I.A. (1992). Ecological evaluation of landscapes. Moscow: Moscow State University Press [In Russian].

Bastian, O. & Steinhardt, U. (2002). Development and perspectives of landscape ecology. Berlin: Springer.

Buyantuyev, A. & Wu, J. (2007). Effects of thematic resolution on landscape pattern analysis. Landscape Ecology, 22(1), 7 – 13.

Beruchashvili, N.L. (1990). Geophysics of landscapes. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola [In Russian].

Dzhanaleyeva, K.M. (2008). Theoretical and methodological issues of geography. Аstаnа: L.N. Gumilyov University Press [In Russian].

Chang, C.-R., Lee, P.-F., Bai, M.-L. & Lin, T.-T. (2006). Identifying the scale thresholds for field-data extrapolation via spatial analysis of landscape gradients. Ecosystems, 9. 200 – 214.

Geldyeva, G.V. (2008). Landshaftno-ekologicheskie issledovaniia dlia obespecheniia ustoichivogo razvitiia prirodno-khoziaistvennykh sistem Respubliki Kazakhstan. Geografiia: nauka i obrazovanie, pp. 31 – 35.

Glazovskaya, M.A. (1983). Principi klassifikatsii prirodnikh geosystem po ustojchivosti k tekhnogenezu i prognoznoe landshaftogeokhicheskoe rajonirovanie (pp. 61 – 78). In: Armand, A.D. & Dolgushin, I.Y. (Eds.). Ustoychivost geosystem. Moscow: Nauka.

Isachenko, А.G. (1991). Landscape science and physico-geographical zoning. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola [In Russian].

Kasimov, N.S. (1988). Geochemistry of steppe and desert landscapes. Moscow: Moscow State University Press [In Russian].

Koritny, L.M. (2001). The basin concept in nature management: monograph. Irkutsk: Institute of Geography SB RAS [In Russian].

Mamai, I.I. (1972). Metody landshaftnykh issledovanii i landshaftnyi printsip izucheniia prirody (pp. 29 – 41). In: Mamai, I.I. (Ed.). Landshaftovedenie. Moscow: Moscow State University Press.

Mamai, I.I. (2005). Dynamics and functioning of landscapes. Moscow: Moscow State University Press [In Russian].

Milkov, F.N. (1954). Tipy mestnosti i landshaftnye raiony TSentralnykh chernozemnykh oblastei k voprosu o vydelenii regionalnykh i tipologicheskikh edinits v landshaftnoi geografii. Izvestiia Vsesoiuznogo geograficheskogo obshchestv, 86(4), 336 – 346.

Milkov, F.N. (1977). Genezis i geneticheskie riady landshaftnykh kompleksov. Geography, 12, 5 – 11

Ronov, A.B. & Ermishkina, A.I. (1953). Methods of quantifying landscape-geochemical maps. Doklady AN SSSR, 91(5), 25 – 32 [In Russian].

Saet, Y.А., Revich, B.А., Yanin, E.P., Smirnova, R.S., Basharkevich, I.L., Onishchenko, T.L., Pavlova, L.N., Trefilova, N.A., Achkasov, A.I. & Sarkisian, S.S. (1990). Geochemistry of the environment. Moscow: Nedra [In Russian].

Saukov, А.А. (1975). Geochemistry. Moscow: Nauka [in Russian].

Solntsev, N.А. (1949). O morfologii prirodnogo geograficheskogo landshafta. Voprosy geografii. No. 16, 61 – 86.

Solntsev, N.А. (2001). The doctrine of the landscape: selected works. Moscow: Moscow State University [in Russian].

Sochava, V.B. (1978). Introduction to the doctrine of geosystems. Nоvоsibirsк: Nаuка [In Russian].

Sochava, V.B. (2005). Theoretical and applied geography. Nоvоsibirsк: Nаuка [In Russian].

Тrapeznikova, O.Y. (2002). GIS and remote sensing techniques for space-time modeling of ecosystems of the east of Russian plain. Proceedings 8th Annual Conference of International Association for Mathematical Geology, pp.501 – 506.

Turner, M.G., Gardner, R.H., O’Neill, R.V. (2001). Landscape ecology in theory and practice: pattern and process. Berlin: Springer.

Zyrin, N.G., Оbukhov, A.I. (1983). Printsipy i metody normirovaniia standartizatsii soderzhaniia tiazhelykh metallov pochve i sisteme pochva-rastenie-rastenie. Biul Pochv in-ta im V.V. Dokuchaeva, 35, 7 – 10.

2025 година
Книжка 3
ПРАЗНИК НА ХИМИЯТА 2025

Александра Камушева, Златина Златанова

ФАТАЛНИЯТ 13

Категория „Есе“, възрастова група 5. – 7. клас

ХИМИЯТА НА БАНКНОТИТЕ И МОНЕТИТЕ – НАПРЕДЪКЪТ НА НАУКАТА

Категория „Есе“, възрастова група 5. – 7. клас

ХИМИЯ НА МЕДОВИНАТА

Габриела Иванова, 10. клас Ръководител: Галя Аралова-Атанасова

ХИМИЯ НА БАНКНОТИТЕ И МОНЕТИТЕ

Категория „Есе“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

АЛУМИНИЙ – „ЩАСТЛИВИЯТ“ 13-И ЕЛЕМЕНТ

Категория „Есе“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

МЕТАЛЪТ НА ВРЕМЕТО

Категория „Есе“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

СЛАДКА ЛИ Е ФРЕНСКАТА ЛУЧЕНА СУПА?

Женя Петрова, 11. клас Ръководител: Мими Димова

АЛУМИНИЯТ – ЛЕКИЯТ „ЗДРАВЕНЯК“ В АВТОМОБИЛОСТРОЕНЕТО

Категория „Постер“, възрастова група 5. – 7. клас

ПАРИТЕ – ИСТОРИЯ И НЕОБХОДИМОСТ

Мария Александрова, 6. клас Ръководител: Румяна Стойнева

ХИМИЯ НА ХАРТИЕНИТЕ БАНКНОТИ – АМЕРИКАНСКИ ДОЛАР

Категория „Постер“, възрастова група 5. – 7. клас

АЛУМИНИЯТ – ОТ ОТПАДЪК ДО РЕСУРС

Категория „Постер“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

МЕТАЛЪТ ИЗЯЩЕСТВО: АЛУМИНИЯТ В СЪВРЕМЕННАТА БИЖУТЕРИЯ

Категория „Постер“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

ТАЙНАТА ХИМИЯ НА ШВЕЙЦАРСКИТЕ БАНКНОТИ

Категория „Постер“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

ХИМИЯТА – ДЕТЕКТИВ ИЛИ ПРЕСТЪПНИК?

Алвина Илин, 12. клас , Валентина Ткачова, 12. клас Ръководител: Петя Петрова

БЕБЕШКИ ШАМПОАН ОТ ЯДЛИВИ СЪСТАВКИ: ФОРМУЛИРАНЕ НА НОВ КОЗМЕТИЧЕН ПРОДУКТ

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 5. – 7. клас

БЪЛГАРСКОТО ИМЕ НА ДЪЛГОЛЕТИЕТО

Сияна Краишникова, 7. клас Ръководител: Анелия Иванова

ХИМИЯ НА МОНЕТИТЕ

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 5. – 7. клас

ХИМИЯ НА ШОКОЛАДА

Камелия Вунчева, 9. клас , Мария-Сара Мандил, 9. клас Ръководител: Марияна Георгиева

ХИМИЯТА НА ПАРИТЕ

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

АЛУМИНИЯТ В КРИОГЕНИКАТА

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ НА АЛУМИНИЯ ВЪВ ВАКСИНИТЕ

Станислав Милчев, 9. клас Ръководител: Петя Вълкова

АЛУМИНИЙ: „КРИЛА НА ЧОВЕЧЕСТВОТО – ЛЮБИМЕЦ 13“

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

ХИМИЯТА В ПЧЕЛНИЯ МЕД

Сиана Каракашева, 10. клас , Симона Тричкова, 10. клас Ръководител: Майя Найденова-Георгиева

ИЗПОЛЗВАНЕ НА АЛУМИНИЙ В БИЖУТЕРИЯТА: БИЖУТА ОТ АЛУМИНИЕВА ТЕЛ

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

ХИМИЯ НА МЛЕЧНИТЕ ПРОДУКТИ

Пламена Боиклиева, 10 клас Ръководител: Дафинка Юрчиева

ХИМИЯ В МАСЛИНИТЕ

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

ХИМИЯ НА ЛЮТОТО

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 8. – 10. клас

ХИНАП – ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА СЪДЪРЖАНИЕТО НА ВИТАМИН С

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 11. – 12. клас

АЛУМИНИЯТ – ЧУДНИЯТ МЕТАЛ, ОФОРМИЛ СЪВРЕМЕННАТА ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИЯ

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 11. – 12. клас

ХИМИЯ НA ПAРИТE

Категория „Презентация“, възрастова група 11. – 12. клас

ВЛИЯНИЕ НА МАРИНАТИТЕ ВЪРХУ МЕСОТО

Категория „Изследователски проект“

АНАЛИЗ НА ПРИРОДНИ ВОДИ В ОБЩИНА СЛИВЕН

Категория „Изследователски проект“

ТРИНАДЕСЕТИЯТ ЕЛЕМЕНТ – СПАСИТЕЛ ИЛИ ТИХ РАЗРУШИТЕЛ?

Категория „Изследователски проект“

Книжка 2
Книжка 1
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF PNEUMONIA AND MENINGITIS COINFECTION WITH VACCINATION

Deborah O. Daniel, Sefiu A. Onitilo, Omolade B. Benjamin, Ayoola A. Olasunkanmi

2024 година
Книжка 5-6
Книжка 3-4
Книжка 1-2
2023 година
Книжка 5-6
Книжка 3-4
Книжка 2
ПИОНЕР НА ПРИРОДОЗАЩИТНОТО ДЕЛО, БЕЛЕЖИТ УЧЕН И ПОПУЛЯРИЗАТОР НА БЪЛГАРСКАТА НАУКА

(ПО СЛУЧАЙ 100 Г. ОТ РОЖДЕНИЕТО НА ДОЦ. НИКОЛАЙ БОЕВ) Васил Големански , Златозар Боев

Книжка 1
2022 година
Книжка 6

METEOROLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF COVID-19 DISEASE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Z. Mateeva , E. Batchvarova , Z. Spasova , I. Ivanov , B. Kazakov , S. Matev , A. Simidchiev , A. Kitev

NATURAL SCIENCE AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION ANNUAL CONTENTS / VOLUME 31, 2022 ОБУЧЕНИЕ ПО ПРИРОДНИ НАУКИ И ВЪРХОВИ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ / ГОДИНА XXXI, 2022

СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 120 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 121 – 224 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 225 – 328 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 329 – 404 КНИЖКА 5 / NUMBER 5: 405 – 488 КНИЖКА 6 / NUMBER 6: 489 – 592

Книжка 5
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE TRANSMISSION MECHANISM OF PLAMODIUM FALCIPARUM

Onitilo S. A , Usman M. A. , Daniel D. O. , Odetunde O. S. , Ogunwobi Z. O. ,Hammed F. A. , Olubanwo O. O. , Ajani A. S. , Sanusi A. S. , Haruna A. H.

ПОСТАНОВКА ЗА ИЗМЕРВАНЕ СКОРОСТТА НА ЗВУКА ВЪВ ВЪЗДУХ

Станислав Сланев, Хафизе Шабан, Шебнем Шабан, Анета Маринова

Книжка 4
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES

Sofija Blagojević, Lana Vujanović, Andreana Kovačević Ćurić

„TAP, TAP WATER“ QUANTUM TUNNELING DEMONSTRATION

Katarina Borković, Andreana Kovačević Ćurić

Книжка 3
Книжка 2
КОМЕТИТЕ – I ЧАСТ

Пенчо Маркишки

Книжка 1
ЗА НАУЧНОТО ПРИЗНАНИЕ

Още по-високо качество на българското образование и наука и непрекъснато „атакуване“ на най-добрите европейски и световни стандарти. Така най-кратко може да бъде описан пътят към повишаване видимостта и разпознаваемостта на труда на родните учени и изследователи. Необходими са действия за отстраняване на проблеми в организацията, финансирането, системата за акредитация, за атестацията на преподавателите, както и абсолютно недопустимия проблем с пла

DISTANCE LEARNING: HOMEMADE COLLOIDAL SILVER

Ana Sofía Covarrubias-Montero, Jorge G. Ibanez

2021 година
Книжка 6
STUDY OF COMPOSITIONS FOR SELECTIVE WATER ISOLATION IN GAS WELLS

Al-Obaidi S.H. , Hofmann M. , Smirnov V.I. , Khalaf F.H. , Alwan H.H.

NATURAL SCIENCE AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION ANNUAL CONTENTS / VOLUME 30, 2021 ОБУЧЕНИЕ ПО ПРИРОДНИ НАУКИ И ВЪРХОВИ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ / ГОДИНА XXX, 2021

СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 122 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 113 – 232 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 233 – 329 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 330 – 436 КНИЖКА 5 / NUMBER 5: 436 – 548 КНИЖКА 6 / NUMBER 6: 549 – 652 FROM THE RESEARCH LABORATORIES 10 – 25 Reveal the Potency of Water Hyacinth and Red Ginger Extract as Hy- drogel Wound Dressing for Mrsa Diabetic Wound: a Short Review / Maulidan Firdaus, Muhammad Iqbal Daniswara, Khoirul Jamaluddin,

Книжка 5
POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUNDS IN EDIBLE COATING AS FISH PRESERVATIVE

Maulidan Firdaus, Desy Nila Rahmana, Diah Fitri Carolina, Nisrina Rahma Firdausi, Zulfaa Afiifah, Berlian Ayu Rismawati Sugiarto

Книжка 4
Книжка 3

PROBLEM OF THE 8-TH EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS OLYMPIAD, SKOPJE, 8 MAY 2021 DETERMINATION OF PLANCK CONSTANT BY LED

Todor M. Mishonov , Aleksander P. Petkov , Matteo Andreoni , Emil G. Petkov , Albert M. Varonov , Iglika M. Dimitrova , Leonora Velkoska , Riste Popeski-Dimovski

Книжка 2
INVESTIGATION OF

Bozhidar Slavchev, Elena Geleva, Blagorodka Veleva, Hristo Protohristov, Lyuben Dobrev, Desislava Dimitrova, Vladimir Bashev, Dimitar Tonev

Книжка 1
DEMONSTRATION OF DAMPED ELECTRICAL OSCILLATIONS

Elena Grebenakova, Stojan Manolev

2020 година
Книжка 6
ДОЦ. Д-Р МАРЧЕЛ КОСТОВ КОСТОВ ЖИВОТ И ТВОРЧЕСТВО

Здравка Костова, Елена Георгиева

CHEMISTRY: BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION ANNUAL CONTENTS / VOLUME 29, 2020 ПРИРОДНИТЕ НАУКИ В ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ / ГОДИНА XXIX, 2020

СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 140 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 141 – 276 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 277 – 432 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 433 – 548 КНИЖКА 5 / NUMBER 5: 549 – 660 КНИЖКА 6 / NUMBER 6: 661 – 764 EDUCATION: THEORY AND PRACTICE 11 – 18 Физиката – навсякъде около нас [Physics аround Us: The Honey] / Пенка Василева/ Penka Vasileva 19 – 26 Молекулите на удоволствието [The Pleasure Molecules: Introduc- tory Information] / Веселина Янкова, Снежана Демирова, Цветанка Мит

Книжка 5
Книжка 4
JACOB’S LADDER FOR THE PHYSICS CLASSROOM

Kristijan Shishkoski, Vera Zoroska

COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF NUTRIENTS IN AFSHARI AND GHEZEL RAM LAMBS

Morteza Karami, Fardis Fathizadeh, Arash Yadollahi, Mehran Aboozari, Yaser Rahimian, Reza Alipoor Filabadi

КАЛЦИЙ, ФОСФОР И ДРУГИ ФАКТОРИ ЗА КОСТНО ЗДРАВЕ

Радка Томова, Светла Асенова, Павлина Косева

Книжка 3
THE DAY OF THE INDUCTANCE: PROBLEMS OF THE 7

Todor M. Mishonov, Riste Popeski-Dimovski, Leonora Velkoska, Iglika M. Dimitrova, Vassil N. Gourev, Aleksander P. Petkov, Emil G. Petkov, Albert M. Varonov

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF 2019 NOVEL CORONAVIRUS (2019 – NCOV) PANDEMIC IN NIGERIA

Sefiu A. Onitilo, Mustapha A. Usman, Olutunde S. Odetunde, Fatai A. Hammed, Zacheous O. Ogunwobi, Hammed A. Haruna, Deborah O. Daniel

Книжка 2

ВОДОРОДЪТ – НАЙ-ЕКОЛОГИЧНО ЧИСТОТО ГОРИВО

Миглена Славова, Радка Томова

Книжка 1
НАУЧНОТО ПРИЗНАНИЕ

Престижът на един унверситет не се определя от материалните ценнос- ти – сгради, лаборатории, аудитории, библиотеки, спортни съоръжения, които

МОЛЕКУЛИТЕ НА УДОВОЛСТВИЕТО

Веселина Янкова, Снежана Демирова, Цветанка Митева, Явор Князов, Христо Желев, Димитър Георгиев, Габриела Стоянова

WATER PURIFICATION WITH LASER RADIATION

Lyubomir Lazov, Hristina Deneva, Galina Gencheva

ФИЗИКОХИМИЧНАТА ШКОЛА НА РОСТИСЛАВ КАИШЕВ В ПЕРИОДА 1950 – 1957 (СПОМЕНИ НА ЕДИН СВИДЕТЕЛ)

На 7 януари 2020 г. във Франция по- чина Боян Mутафчиев – учен с висока ре- путация във Франция и света. Той беше президент на Френската асоциация по кристален растеж, председател на Ко- мисията за изследвания в областта на микрогравитацията към Националния център за космически изследвания на Франция. Той беше ключова фигура в Ев- ропейската космическа агенция, в Евро-

2019 година
Книжка 6
LASER MICRO-PERFORATION AND FIELDS OF APPLICATION

Hristina Deneva, Lyubomir Lazov, Edmunds Teirumnieks

ПРИЛОЖНА ФОТОНИКА И АНТИОКСИДАНТНИ СВОЙСТВА НА ВИСОКООЛЕИНОВО СЛЪНЧОГЛЕДОВО МАСЛО С БИЛКОВИ ПРИМЕСИ

Кръстена Николова, Стефка Минкова, Поли Радушева, Георги Бошев, Еркан Фаридин, Нурал Джамбазов, Мариана Перифанова-Немска

ПРОЦЕСЪТ ДИФУЗИЯ – ОСНОВА НА ДИАЛИЗАТА

Берна Сабит, Джемиле Дервиш, Мая Никова, Йорданка Енева

IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF OLIVE LEAF EXTRACTS – CAPSULES VERSUS POWDER

Hugo Saint-James, Gergana Bekova, Zhanina Guberkova, Nadya Hristova-Avakumova, Liliya Atanasova, Svobodan Alexandrov, Trayko Traykov, Vera Hadjimitova

2019 − THE INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF THE PERIODIC TABLE OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

Maria Atanassova, Radoslav Angelov, Dessislava Gerginova, Alexander Zahariev

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ

Б. В. Тошев

CHEMISTRY: BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION ANNUAL CONTENTS / VOLUME 28, 2019 ХИМИЯ. ПРИРОДНИТЕ НАУКИ В ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ / ГОДИНА XXVIII, 2019

СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 160 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 161 – 280 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 281 – 424 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 425 – 552 КНИЖКА 5 / NUMBER 5: 553 – 680 КНИЖКА 6 / NUMBER 6: 681 – 832

Книжка 5
ЗЕЛЕНА ХИМИЯ В УЧИЛИЩНАТА ЛАБОРАТОРИЯ

Александрия Генджова, Мая Тавлинова-Кирилова, Александра Камушева

ON THE GENETIC TIES BETWEEN EUROPEAN NATIONS

Jordan Tabov, Nevena Sabeva-Koleva, Georgi Gachev

SCIENCE CAN BRING PEOPLE TOGETHER

Nadya Kantareva-Baruh

Книжка 4

CHEMOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SCHOOL LIFE IN VARNA

Radka Tomova, Petinka Galcheva, Ivajlo Trajkov, Antoaneta Hineva, Stela Grigorova, Rumyana Slavova, Miglena Slavova

ЦИКЛИТЕ НА КРЕБС

Ивелин Кулев

Книжка 3
ПРИНЦИПИТЕ НА КАРИЕРНОТО РАЗВИТИЕ НА МЛАДИЯ УЧЕН

И. Панчева, М. Недялкова, С. Кирилова, П. Петков, В. Симеонов

UTILISATION OF THE STATIC EVANS METHOD TO MEASURE MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF TRANSITION METAL ACETYLACETONATE COMPLEXES AS PART OF AN UNDERGRADUATE INORGANIC LABORATORY CLASS

Anton Dobzhenetskiy, Callum A. Gater, Alexander T. M. Wilcock, Stuart K. Langley, Rachel M. Brignall, David C. Williamson, Ryan E. Mewis

THE 100

Maria Atanassova, Radoslav Angelov

A TALE OF SEVEN SCIENTISTS

Scerri, E.R. (2016). A Tale of Seven Scientists and a New Philosophy of Science.

Книжка 2
DEVELOPMENT OF A LESSON PLAN ON THE TEACHING OF MODULE “WATER CONDUCTIVITY”

A. Thysiadou, S. Christoforidis, P. Giannakoudakis

AMPEROMETRIC NITRIC OXIDE SENSOR BASED ON MWCNT CHROMIUM(III) OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITE

Arsim Maloku, Epir Qeriqi, Liridon S. Berisha, Ilir Mazreku, Tahir Arbneshi, Kurt Kalcher

THE EFFECT OF AGING TIME ON Mg/Al HYDROTALCITES STRUCTURES

Eddy Heraldy, Triyono, Sri Juari Santosa, Karna Wijaya, Shogo Shimazu

Книжка 1
2019: ДВЕ ВАЖНИ СЪБИТИЯ

На 20 декември 2017 г. Общото събрание на Организацията на обединени- те нации (ООН), на своята 72-ра сесия, прокламира годината 2019 за „Между- народна година на Периодичната таблица на химичните елементи“ (IYPT 2019). Съгласно представите на Томас Кун раз- витието на „нормалната наука“ става на основата на малък брой основополагащи научни резултати, наречени „научни пара- дигми“. За химията научните парадигми са три: (1) откриването на кислорода от Лавоазие; (

A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS FROM THE STATE MATRICULATION EXAMINATION IN MATHEMATICS

Elena Karashtranova, Nikolay Karashtranov, Vladimir Vladimirov

SOME CONCEPTS FROM PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS AND OPPORTUNITIES TO INTEGRATE THEM IN TEACHING NATURAL SCIENCES

Elena Karashtranova, Nikolay Karashtranov, Nadezhda Borisova, Dafina Kostadinova

45. МЕЖДУНАРОДНА ОЛИМПИАДА ПО ХИМИЯ

Донка Ташева, Пенка Василева

2018 година
Книжка 6

ЗДРАВЕ И ОКОЛНА СРЕДА

Кадрие Шукри, Светлана Великова, Едис Мехмед

СЕМИНАР-ПРАКТИКУМЪТ В НЕФОРМАЛНОТО ОБУЧЕНИЕ – ВЪЗМОЖНОСТ И РАЗВИТИЕ НА УМЕНИЯ И ТВОРЧЕСТВО ПРЕЗ ПРИЗМАТА НА ФИЗИКАТА

Асен Пашов, Снежана Йорданова-Дюлгерова, Бонка Караиванова-Долчинкова, Руска Драганова-Христова

РОБОТИКА ЗА НАЧИНАЕЩИ ЕНТУСИАСТИ

Даниела Узунова, Борис Велковски, Илко Симеонов Владислав Шабански, Димитър Колев

DESIGN AND DOCKING STUDIES OF HIS-LEU ANALOGUES AS POTENTIOAL ACE INHIBITORS

Rumen Georgiev, Tatyana Dzimbova, Atanas Chapkanov

X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDY OF M Zn(TeО )

Kenzhebek T. Rustembekov, Mitko Stoev, Aitolkyn A. Toibek

ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE STUDY OF BSCCO (2212) CUPRATE CERAMIC ADDITIVE TO THE ZINC ELECTRODE IN Ni-Zn BATTERIES

A. Vasev, P. Lilov, G. Ivanova, Y. Marinov, A. Stoyanova, V. Mikli, A. Stoyanova-Ivanova

CALIBRATION OF GC/MS METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF PHTHALATES

N. Dineva, I. Givechev, D. Tanev, D. Danalev

SONOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF 4-AMINOANTIPYRINE SCHIFF BASES A ND EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTI-TYROSINASE AND DPPH SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES

Maya Chochkova, Boyka Stoykova, Iva Romanova, Petranka Petrova, Iva Tsvetkova, Hristo Najdenski, Lubomira Nikolaeva- Glomb, Nadya Nikolova, Galya Ivanova, Atanas Chapkanov, Tsenka Milkova, Martin Štícha, Ivan Nemec

ELECTROSYNTHESIS OF CADMIUM SELENIDE NANOPARTICLES WITH SIMULTANEOUS EXTRACTION INTO P-XYLENE

S. S. Fomanyuk, V. O. Smilyk, G. Y. Kolbasov, I. A. Rusetskyi, T. A. Mirnaya

БИОЛОГИЧЕН АСПЕКТ НА РЕКАНАЛИЗАЦИЯ С ВЕНОЗНА ТРОМБОЛИЗА

Мариела Филипова, Даниела Попова, Стоян Везенков

CHEMISTRY: BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION ПРИРОДНИТЕ НАУКИ В ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО VOLUME 27 / ГОДИНА XXVII, 2018 ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 152 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 153 – 312 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 313 – 472 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 473 – 632 КНИЖКА 5 / NUMBER 5: 633 – 792 КНИЖКА 6 / NUMBER 6: 793 – 952 КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1 – 152 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 153 – 312 КНИЖКА

(South Africa), A. Ali, M. Bashir (Pakistan) 266 – 278: j-j Coupled Atomic Terms for Nonequivalent Electrons of (n-1)fx and nd1 Configurations and Correlation with L-S Terms / P. L. Meena (India) 760 – 770: Methyl, тhe Smallest Alkyl Group with Stunning Effects / S. Moulay 771 – 776: The Fourth State of Matter / R. Tsekov

Книжка 5
ИМОБИЛИЗИРАНЕ НА ФРУКТОЗИЛТРАНСФЕРАЗА ВЪРХУ КОМПОЗИТНИ ФИЛМИ ОТ ПОЛИМЛЕЧНА КИСЕЛИНА, КСАНТАН И ХИТОЗАН

Илия Илиев, Тонка Василева, Веселин Биволарски, Ася Виранева, Иван Бодуров, Мария Марудова, Теменужка Йовчева

ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY OF GRAPHENE-E7 LIQUID-CRYSTAL NANOCOMPOSITE

Todor Vlakhov, Yordan Marinov, Georgi. Hadjichristov, Alexander Petrov

ON THE POSSIBILITY TO ANALYZE AMBIENT NOISE RECORDED BY A MOBILE DEVICE THROUGH THE H/V SPECTRAL RATIO TECHNIQUE

Dragomir Gospodinov, Delko Zlatanski, Boyko Ranguelov, Alexander Kandilarov

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BATTER FOR GLUTEN FREE BREAD

G. Zsivanovits, D. Iserliyska, M. Momchilova, M. Marudova

ПОЛУЧАВАНЕ НА ПОЛИЕЛЕКТРОЛИТНИ КОМПЛЕКСИ ОТ ХИТОЗАН И КАЗЕИН

Антоанета Маринова, Теменужка Йовчева, Ася Виранева, Иван Бодуров, Мария Марудова

CHEMILUMINESCENT AND PHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF COCOON EXTRACTS

Y. Evtimova, V. Mihailova, L. A. Atanasova, N. G. Hristova-Avakumova, M. V. Panayotov, V. A. Hadjimitova

ИЗСЛЕДОВАТЕЛСКИ ПРАКТИКУМ

Ивелина Димитрова, Гошо Гоев, Савина Георгиева, Цвета Цанова, Любомира Иванова, Борислав Георгиев

H O O H H H C H 104.45° 108.9° H A B

Figure 1. A – Water; B – Methanol Indeed, the literature survey reveals a trove of reports on methylation of such molecules and the effects of thus-tethered methyl groups were illustrated (Barreiro et al., 2011). An astounding fact is the link between the methyl group in methylated DNA and the cancer development (Newberne & Rogers, 1986; Wajed et al., 2001); methylation of biological molecules contributes to the regulation of gene expression and protein function, and RNA proces

Книжка 4
PARAMETRIC INTERACTION OF OPTICAL PULSES IN NONLINEAR ISOTROPIC MEDIUM

A. Dakova, V. Slavchev, D. Dakova, L. Kovachev

ДЕЙСТВИЕ НА ГАМА-ЛЪЧИТЕ ВЪРХУ ДЕЗОКСИРИБОНУКЛЕИНОВАТА КИСЕЛИНА

Мирела Вачева, Хари Стефанов, Йоана Гвоздейкова, Йорданка Енева

RADIATION PROTECTION

Natasha Ivanova, Bistra Manusheva

СРАВНИТЕЛЕН АНАЛИЗ НА СЪДЪРЖАЩИТЕ СЕ ЕСТЕСТВЕНИ РАДИОНУКЛИДИ В НЕВЕН И ЛАЙКА

Сияна Димова, Цветелина Стефанова, Йорданка Енева, Нина Архангелова

СТАБИЛНОСТ НА ЕМУЛСИИ ОТ ТИПА МАСЛО/ ВОДА С КОНЮГИРАНА ЛИНОЛОВА КИСЕЛИНА

И. Милкова-Томова, Д. Бухалова, К. Николова, Й. Алексиева, И. Минчев, Г. Рунтолев

THE EFFECT OF EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL ON THE HUMAN BODY AND QUALITY CONTROL BY USING OPTICAL METHODS

Carsten Tottmann, Valentin Hedderich, Poli Radusheva, Krastena Nikolova

ИНФРАЧЕРВЕНА ТЕРМОГРАФИЯ ЗА ДИАГНОСТИКА НА ФОКАЛНА ИНФЕКЦИЯ

Рая Грозданова-Узунова, Тодор Узунов, Пепа Узунова

ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИ СВОЙСТВА НА КОМПОЗИТНИ ФИЛМИ ОТ ПОЛИМЛЕЧНА КИСЕЛИНА

Ася Виранева, Иван Бодуров, Теменужка Йовчева

Книжка 3
PHYSICS IS AN EVER YOUNG SCIENCE

Temenuzhka Yovcheva

ТРИ ИДЕИ ЗА ЕФЕКТИВНО ОБУЧЕНИЕ

Гергана Карафезиева

МАГИЯТА НА ТВОРЧЕСТВОТО КАТО ПЪТ НА ЕСТЕСТВЕНО УЧЕНЕ В УЧЕБНИЯ ПРОЦЕС

Гергана Добрева, Жаклин Жекова, Михаела Чонос

ОБУЧЕНИЕ ПО ПРИРОДНИ НАУКИ ЧРЕЗ МИСЛОВНИ КАРТИ

Виолета Стоянова, Павлина Георгиева

ИГРА НА ДОМИНО В ЧАС ПО ФИЗИКА

Росица Кичукова, Ценка Маринова

ТЪМНАТА МАТЕРИЯ В КЛАСНАТА СТАЯ

Симона Стоянова, Анета Маринова

ПРОБЛЕМИ ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИЕТО ПО ФИЗИКА ВЪВ ВВМУ „Н. Й. ВАПЦАРОВ“

А. Христова, Г. Вангелов, И. Ташев, М. Димидов

ИЗГРАЖДАНЕ НА СИСТЕМА ОТ УЧЕБНИ ИНТЕРНЕТ РЕСУРСИ ПО ФИЗИКА И ОЦЕНКА НА ДИДАКТИЧЕСКАТА ИМ СТОЙНОСТ

Желязка Райкова, Георги Вулджев, Наталия Монева, Нели Комсалова, Айше Наби

ИНОВАЦИИ В БОРБАТА С ТУМОРНИ ОБРАЗУВАНИЯ – ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ЧРЕЗ БРАХИТЕРАПИЯ

Георги Върбанов, Радостин Михайлов, Деница Симеонова, Йорданка Енева

NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN DRINKING WATER

Natasha Ivanova, Bistra Manusheva

Книжка 2

АДАПТИРАНЕ НА ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО ДНЕС ЗА УТРЕШНИЯ ДЕН

И. Панчева, М. Недялкова, П. Петков, Х. Александров, В. Симеонов

STRUCTURAL ELUCIDATION OF UNKNOWNS: A SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION WITH AN EMPHASIS ON 1D AND 2D

Vittorio Caprio, Andrew S. McLachlan, Oliver B. Sutcliffe, David C. Williamson, Ryan E. Mewis

INTEGRATED ENGINEERING EDUCATION: THE ROLE OF ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ NEEDS

Veselina Kolarski, Dancho Danalev, Senia Terzieva

Книжка 1
ZAGREB CONNECTION INDICES OF TiO NANOTUBES

Sohaib Khalid, Johan Kok, Akbar Ali, Mohsin Bashir

2017 година
Книжка 6
GEOECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL CITIES: ON THE EXAMPLE OF AKTOBE AGGLOMERATION

Zharas Berdenov, Erbolat Mendibaev, Talgat Salihov, Kazhmurat Akhmedenov, Gulshat Ataeva

TECHNOGENESIS OF GEOECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS OF NORTHEN KAZAKHSTAN: PROGRESS, DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION

Kulchichan Dzhanaleyeva, Gulnur Mazhitova, Altyn Zhanguzhina, Zharas Berdenov, Tursynkul Bazarbayeva, Emin Atasoy

СПИСАНИЕ ПРОСВѢТА

Списание „Просвета“ е орган на Просветния съюз в България. Списанието е излизало всеки месец без юли и август. Годишният том съдържа 1280 стра- ници. Списанието се издава от комитет, а главен редактор от 1935 до 1943 г. е проф. Петър Мутафчиев, историк византолог и специалист по средновеков-

Книжка 5

47-А НАЦИОНАЛНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ НА УЧИТЕЛИТЕ ПО ХИМИЯ

В последните години тези традиционни за българското учителство конфе- ренции се организират от Българското дружество по химическо образование и история и философия на химията. То е асоцииран член на Съюза на химици- те в България, който пък е член на Европейската асоциация на химическите и

JOURNALS OF INTEREST: A REVIEW (2016)

BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION POLICY ISSN 1313-1958 (print) ISSN 1313-9118 (online) http://bjsep.org

INVESTIGATING THE ABILITY OF 8

Marina Stojanovska, Vladimir M. Petruševski

SYNTHESIS OF TiO -M (Cd, Co, Mn)

Candra Purnawan, Sayekti Wahyuningsih, Dwita Nur Aisyah

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CADMIUM CONCENTRATION ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN ‘ISA BROWN’ HYBRID CHICKEN

Imer Haziri, Adem Rama, Fatgzim Latifi, Dorjana Beqiraj-Kalamishi, Ibrahim Mehmeti, Arben Haziri

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT STUDIES OF PRIMULA VERIS (L.) GROWING WILD IN KOSOVO

Ibrahim Rudhani, Florentina Raci, Hamide Ibrahimi, Arben Mehmeti, Ariana Kameri, Fatmir Faiku, Majlinda Daci, Sevdije Govori, Arben Haziri

ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКА ПОЕМА

Преди година-две заедно с директора на Националното издателство „Аз- буки“ д-р Надя Кантарева-Барух посетихме няколко училища в Родопите. В едно от тях ни посрещнаха в голямата учителска стая. По стените ѝ имаше големи портрети на видни педагози, а под тях – художествено написани умни мисли, които те по някакъв повод са казали. На централно място бе портретът на Антон Семьонович Макаренко (1888 – 1939). Попитах учителките кой е Макаренко – те посрещнаха въпроса ми с мълчание. А някога, в г

Книжка 4
„СИМВОЛНИЯТ КАПИТАЛ“ НА БЪЛГАРСКОТО УЧИЛИЩЕ

Николай Цанков, Веска Гювийска

KINETICS OF PHOTO-ELECTRO-ASSISTED DEGRADATION OF REMAZOL RED 5B

Fitria Rahmawati, Tri Martini, Nina Iswati

ALLELOPATHIC AND IN VITRO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF STEVIA AND CHIA

Asya Dragoeva, Vanya Koleva, Zheni Stoyanova, Eli Zayova, Selime Ali

NOVEL HETEROARYLAMINO-CHROMEN-2-ONES AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Ramiz Hoti, Naser Troni*, Hamit Ismaili, Gjyle Mulliqi-Osmani, Veprim Thaçi

ОСНОВИ НА ОБЩАТА МЕТОДИКА ПО ЕСТЕСТВОЗНАНИЕ – 1925 Г.

Проф. Валериан Викторович Половцов (1862 – 1918)

Книжка 3
НАЦИОНАЛЕН КОНКУРС НА ФОНДАЦИЯ „ВИГОРИЯ“ – „С ЛЮБОВ КЪМ НАУКАТА“

Класирането на участниците в конкурса – учители и ученици, бе извър- шено от комисия в състав: проф. д.х.н. Борислав Тошев – председател; доц. д-р Свобода Бенева; Мария Петрова – учител по химия; Милка Джиджова – учител по физика; Наско Стаменов – химик в Националния политехнически музей, София. КЛАСИРАНЕ НА УЧИТЕЛИ – РЪКОВОДИТЕЛИ НА ДЕЙНОСТИТЕ НА СВОИ УЧЕНИЦИ Всички училища, които бяха подали заявка за участие в конкурса „С лю- бов към науката“, получиха предварително през ноември 201

OPTIMIZATION OF ENGINE OIL FORMULATION USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY AND GENETIC ALGORITHM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Behnaz Azmoon, Abolfazl Semnani, Ramin Jaberzadeh Ansari, Hamid Shakoori Langeroodi, Mahboube Shirani, Shima Ghanavati Nasab

CHEMOMETRIC ASSISTED SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF LANSOPRAZOLE AND DOMEPERIDONE IN BULK AND COMMERCIAL DOSAGE FORM

Farheen Sami, Shahnaz Majeed, Tengku Azlan Shah Tengku Mohammed, Noor Fatin Amalina Kamaruddin, Mohammad Zulhimi Atan, Syed Amir Javid Bukhari, Namra, Bushra Hasan, Mohammed Tahir Ansari

EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF TEUCRIUM CHAMAEDRYS (L.) GROWING WILD IN KOSOVO

Arben Haziri, Fatmir Faiku, Roze Berisha, Ibrahim Mehmeti, Sevdije Govori, Imer Haziri

АЛЕКСАНДЪР ПАНАЙОТОВ

Не много отдавна доц. д.п.н. Александър Панайотов бе удостоен с най- високата академична награда – Почетен знак със синя лента на Софийския

Книжка 2
ПРИРОДОНАУЧНАТА ГРАМОТНОСТ НА УЧЕНИЦИТЕ В НАЧАЛОТО НА XXI ВЕК – В ТЪРСЕНЕ НА КОНЦЕПТУАЛНО ЕДИНСТВО

Теодора Коларова, Иса Хаджиали, Мимия Докова, Веселин Александров

COMPUTER SIMULATORS: APPLICATION FOR GRADUATES’ ADAPTATION AT OIL AND GAS REFINERIES

Irena O. Dolganova, Igor M. Dolganov, Kseniya A. Vasyuchka

SYNTHESIS OF NEW [(3-NITRO-2-OXO-2H-CHROMEN- 4-YLAMINO)-PHENYL]-PHENYL-TRIAZOLIDIN-4-ONES AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Ramiz Hoti, Hamit Ismaili, Idriz Vehapi, Naser Troni, Gjyle Mulliqi-Osmani, Veprim Thaçi

STABILITY OF RJ-5 FUEL

Lemi Türker, Serhat Variş

A STUDY OF BEGLIKTASH MEGALITHIC COMPLEX

Diana Kjurkchieva, Evgeni Stoykov, Sabin Ivanov, Borislav Borisov, Hristo Hristov, Pencho Kyurkchiev, Dimitar Vladev, Irina Ivanova

Книжка 1
ASSESSING LEVELS OF CO , CO, NO AND SO

Shyqri Dumani, Fatbardh Gashi, Naser Troni

2016 година
Книжка 6
THE EFFECT OF KOH AND KCL ADDITION TO THE DESTILATION OF ETHANOL-WATER MIXTURE

Khoirina Dwi Nugrahaningtyas, Fitria Rahmawati, Avrina Kumalasari

Книжка 5

ОЦЕНЯВАНЕ ЛИЧНОСТТА НА УЧЕНИКА

Министерството на народното просвещение е направило допълне- ния към Правилника за гимназиите (ДВ, бр. 242 от 30 октомври 1941 г.), според които в бъдеще ще се оценяват следните прояви на учениците: (1) трудолюбие; (2) ред, точност и изпълнителност; (3) благовъзпитаност; (4) народностни прояви. Трудолюбието ще се оценява с бележките „образцово“, „добро“, „незадо- волително“. С „образцово“ ще се оценяват учениците, които с любов и по- стоянство извършват всяка възложена им ил

Книжка 4
VOLTAMMERIC SENSOR FOR NITROPHENOLS BASED ON SCREEN-PRINTED ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE

Arsim Maloku, Liridon S. Berisha, Granit Jashari, Eduard Andoni, Tahir Arbneshi

Книжка 3
ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА ПРОФЕСИОНАЛНО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАТА РЕФЛЕКСИЯ НА УЧИТЕЛЯ ПО БИОЛОГИЯ (ЧАСТ ВТОРА)

Надежда Райчева, Иса Хаджиали, Наташа Цанова, Виктория Нечева

EXISTING NATURE OF SCIENCE TEACHING OF A THAI IN-SERVICE BIOLOGY TEACHER

Wimol Sumranwanich, Sitthipon Art-in, Panee Maneechom, Chokchai Yuenyong

NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF CUCURBITA MELO GROWING IN KOSOVO

Fatmir Faiku, Arben Haziri, Fatbardh Gashi, Naser Troni

НАГРАДИТЕ „ЗЛАТНА ДЕТЕЛИНА“ ЗА 2016 Г.

На 8 март 2016 г. в голямата зала на Националния политехнически музей в София фондация „Вигория“ връчи годишните си награди – почетен плакет „Златна детелина“. Тази награда се дава за цялостна професионална и творче- ска изява на личности с особени заслуги към обществото в трите направления на фондация „Вигория“ – образование, екология, култура. Наградата цели да се даде израз на признателност за високи постижения на личности, които на професионално равнище и на доброволни начала са рабо

Книжка 2
Книжка 1
ПО ПЪТЯ

Б. В. Тошев

INTERDISCIPLINARY PROJECT FOR ENHANCING STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN CHEMISTRY

Stela Georgieva, Petar Todorov , Zlatina Genova, Petia Peneva

2015 година
Книжка 6
COMPLEX SYSTEMS FOR DRUG TRANSPORT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANES

Nikoleta Ivanova, Yana Tsoneva, Nina Ilkova, Anela Ivanova

SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF SILICA SOL-GEL MICROPARTICLES WITH EUROPIUM COMPLEXES

Nina Danchova , Gulay Ahmed , Michael Bredol , Stoyan Gutzov

INTERFACIAL REORGANIZATION OF MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES USED AS DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

I. Panaiotov, Tz. Ivanova, K. Balashev, N. Grozev, I. Minkov, K. Mircheva

KINETICS OF THE OSMOTIC PROCESS AND THE POLARIZATION EFFECT

Boryan P. Radoev, Ivan L. Minkov, Emil D. Manev

WETTING BEHAVIOR OF A NATURAL AND A SYNTHETIC THERAPEUTIC PULMONARY SURFACTANTS

Lidia Alexandrova, Michail Nedyalkov, Dimo Platikanov

Книжка 5
TEACHER’S ACCEPTANCE OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITY

Daniela Dimitrova-Radojchikj, Natasha Chichevska-Jovanova

IRANIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF CHEMISTRY LABORATORY ENVIRONMENTS

Zahra Eskandari, Nabi.A Ebrahimi Young Researchers & Elite Club, Arsanjan Branch,

APPLICATION OF LASER INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY AS NONDESDUCTRIVE AND SAFE ANALYSIS METHOD FOR COMPOSITE SOLID PROPELLANTS

Amir Hossein Farhadian, Masoud Kavosh Tehrani, Mohammad Hossein Keshavarz, Seyyed Mohamad Reza Darbany, Mehran Karimi, Amir Hossein Rezayi Optics & Laser Science and Technology Research Center,

THE EFFECT OF DIOCTYLPHTHALATE ON INITIAL PROPERTIES AND FIELD PERFORMANCE OF SOME SEMISYNTHETIC ENGINE OILS

Azadeh Ghasemizadeh, Abolfazl Semnani, Hamid Shakoori Langeroodi, Alireza Nezamzade Ejhieh

QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF RIVER’S WATER OF LUMBARDHI PEJA (KOSOVO)

Fatmir Faiku, Arben Haziri, Fatbardh Gashi, Naser Troni

Книжка 4
БЛАГОДАРЯ ВИ!

Александър Панайотов

ТЕМАТА ВЪГЛЕХИДРАТИ В ПРОГРАМИТЕ ПО ХИМИЯ И БИОЛОГИЯ

Радка Томова, Елена Бояджиева, Миглена Славова , Мариан Николов

BILINGUAL COURSE IN BIOTECHNOLOGY: INTERDISCIPLINARY MODEL

V. Kolarski, D. Marinkova, R. Raykova, D. Danalev, S. Terzieva

ХИМИЧНИЯТ ОПИТ – НАУКА И ЗАБАВА

Елица Чорбаджийска, Величка Димитрова, Магдалена Шекерлийска, Галина Бальова, Методийка Ангелова

ЕКОЛОГИЯТА В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Здравка Костова

Книжка 3
SYNTHESIS OF FLUORINATED HYDROXYCINNAMOYL DERIVATIVES OF ANTI-INFLUENZA DRUGS AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

Boyka Stoykova, Maya Chochkova, Galya Ivanova, Luchia Mukova, Nadya Nikolova, Lubomira Nikolaeva-Glomb, Pavel Vojtíšek, Tsenka Milkova, Martin Štícha, David Havlíček

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF SOME AMINO ACIDS DERIVATIVES OF INFLUENZA VIRUS DRUGS

Radoslav Chayrov, Vesela Veselinova, Vasilka Markova, Luchia Mukova, Angel Galabov, Ivanka Stankova

NEW DERIVATIVES OF OSELTAMIVIR WITH BILE ACIDS

Kiril Chuchkov, Silvia Nakova, Lucia Mukova, Angel Galabov, Ivanka Stankova

MONOHYDROXY FLAVONES. PART III: THE MULLIKEN ANALYSIS

Maria Vakarelska-Popovska, Zhivko Velkov

LEU-ARG ANALOGUES: SYNTHESIS, IR CHARACTERIZATION AND DOCKING STUDIES

Tatyana Dzimbova, Atanas Chapkanov, Tamara Pajpanova

MODIFIED QUECHERS METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF METHOMYL, ALDICARB, CARBOFURAN AND PROPOXUR IN LIVER

I. Stoykova, T. Yankovska-Stefenova, L.Yotova, D. Danalev Bulgarian Food Safety Agency, Sofi a, Bulgaria

LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM AC 11S AS A BIOCATALYST IN MICROBIAL ELECYTOLYSIS CELL

Elitsa Chorbadzhiyska, Yolina Hubenova, Sophia Yankova, Dragomir Yankov, Mario Mitov

STUDYING THE PROCESS OF DEPOSITION OF ANTIMONY WITH CALCIUM CARBONATE

K. B. Omarov, Z. B. Absat, S. K. Aldabergenova, A. B. Siyazova, N. J. Rakhimzhanova, Z. B. Sagindykova

Книжка 2
TEACHING CHEMISTRY AT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

Lilyana Nacheva-Skopalik, Milena Koleva

ФОРМИРАЩО ОЦЕНЯВАНЕ PEER INSTRUCTION С ПОМОЩТА НА PLICКERS ТЕХНОЛОГИЯТА

Ивелина Коцева, Мая Гайдарова, Галина Ненчева

VAPOR PRESSURES OF 1-BUTANOL OVER WIDE RANGE OF THEMPERATURES

Javid Safarov, Bahruz Ahmadov, Saleh Mirzayev, Astan Shahverdiyev, Egon Hassel

В новите броеве на научните списания на издателство четете

2/2015: сп. „Педагогика“ Проблеми на социалната адаптация на пътуващи ученици от малки населени места / Траян Попкочев, Бонка Гергинова, Тереза Карамангалова Текстът разглежда социалната адаптация на пътуващи ученици от малки населени места в

Книжка 1
РУМЕН ЛЮБОМИРОВ ДОЙЧЕВ (1938 – 1999)

Огнян Димитров, Здравка Костова

NAMING OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

Maria Atanassova

НАЙДЕН НАЙДЕНОВ, 1929 – 2014 СПОМЕН ЗА ПРИЯТЕЛЯ

ИНЖ. НАЙДЕН ХРИСТОВ НАЙДЕНОВ, СЕКРЕТАР, НА СЪЮЗА НА ХИМИЦИТЕ В БЪЛГАРИЯ (2.10.1929 – 25.10.2014)

2014 година
Книжка 6
145 ГОДИНИ БЪЛГАРСКА АКАДЕМИЯ НА НАУКИТЕ

145 ANNIVERSARY OF THE BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

ПАРНО НАЛЯГАНЕ НА РАЗТВОРИ

Б. В. Тошев Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

LUBRICATION PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT PENTAERYTHRITOL-OLEIC ACID REACTION PRODUCTS

Abolfazl Semnani, Hamid Shakoori Langeroodi, Mahboube Shirani

THE ORIGINS OF SECONDARY AND TERTIARY GENERAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA: HISTORICAL VIEWS FROM THE 21ST CENTURY

V. Romanenko, G. Nikitina Academy of Information Technologies in Education, Russia

ALLELOPATHIC AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF ORIGANUM VULGARE SSP. VULGARE GROWING WILD IN BULGARIA

Asya Pencheva Dragoeva, Vanya Petrova Koleva, Zheni Dimitrova Nanova, Mariya Zhivkova Kaschieva, Irina Rumenova Yotova

CHEMISTRY: BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION ПРИРОДНИТЕ НАУКИ В ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО

VOLUME 23 / ГОДИНА XXII, 2014 ГОДИШНО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ СТРАНИЦИ / PAGES КНИЖКА 1 / NUMBER 1: 1–160 КНИЖКА 2 / NUMBER 2: 161–320 КНИЖКА 3 / NUMBER 3: 321–480 КНИЖКА 4 / NUMBER 4: 481–640 КНИЖКА 5 / NUMBER 5: 641–800 КНИЖКА 6 / NUMBER 6: 801–960 ADVANCED SCIENCE 260 – 267: Х. Попова, Д. Петкова, В. Тончев – Генерична нестабилност в модела на дифузионно-контролирана агрегация (ДКА): Ефект на глобалните радиуси на пораждане и изоставане [Generic Instability in the Model of Diffusion-Lim

В новите броеве на научните списания на издателство четете

7/2014: сп. „Педагогика“ Гражданското образование – интегриращ фактор за формалното и неформалното обра- зование / Лиляна Стракова Гражданското образование се интерпретира от автора като „практикуване на морален ко- декс“. В тази перспектива се разглежда и развитието на децата в образователния процес. Продължаващото обучение като споделено социално учене / Стели Петева Статията има за цел да представи ролята на продължаващото обучение в по-широк пси- хосоциален контекст и с фокус върху хората с

Книжка 5
GENDER ISSUES OF UKRAINIAN HIGHER EDUCATION

Н.H.Petruchenia, M.I.Vorovka

МНОГОВАРИАЦИОННА СТАТИСТИЧЕСКА ОЦЕНКА НА DREEM – БЪЛГАРИЯ: ВЪЗПРИЕМАНЕ НА ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНАТА СРЕДА ОТ СТУДЕНТИТЕ В МЕДИЦИНСКИЯ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ – СОФИЯ

Радка Томова, Павлина Гатева, Радка Хаджиолова, Зафер Сабит, Миглена Славова, Гергана Чергарова, Васил Симеонов

MUSSEL BIOADHESIVES: A TOP LESSON FROM NATURE

Saâd Moulay Université Saâd Dahlab de Blida, Algeria

В новите броеве на научните списания на издателство четете

7/2014: сп. „Педагогика“ Гражданското образование – интегриращ фактор за формалното и неформалното обра- зование / Лиляна Стракова Г ражданското образование се интерпретира от автора като „практикуване на морален ко- декс“. В тази перспектива се разглежда и развитието на децата в образователния процес. Продължаващото обучение като споделено социално учене / Стели Петева Статията има за цел да представи ролята на продължаващото обучение в по-широк пси- хосоциален контекст и с фокус върху хората

Книжка 4
ЕЛЕКТРОННО ПОМАГАЛO „ОТ АТОМА ДО КОСМОСА“ ЗА УЧЕНИЦИ ОТ Х КЛАС

Силвия Боянова Професионална гимназия „Акад. Сергей П. Корольов“ – Дупница

ЕСЕТО КАТО ИНТЕГРАТИВЕН КОНСТРУКТ – НОРМАТИВЕН, ПРОЦЕСУАЛЕН И ОЦЕНЪЧНО-РЕЗУЛТАТИВЕН АСПЕКТ

Надежда Райчева, Иван Капурдов, Наташа Цанова, Иса Хаджиали, Снежана Томова

44

Донка Ташева, Пенка Василева

ДОЦ. Д.П.Н. АЛЕКСАНДЪР АТАНАСОВ ПАНАЙОТОВ

Наташа Цанова, Иса Хаджиали, Надежда Райчева

COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING SYSTEM FOR STUDYING ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

N. Y. Stozhko, A. V. Tchernysheva, L.I. Mironova

GUIDE FOR AUTHORS

Manuscripts submitted to this journal are considered if they have been submitted only to it, they have not been published already, nor are they under consideration for publication or in press elsewhere. Contributions to the Bulgarian Journal of Science Education must report original research and will be subjected to review by anonymous and independent referees at the discretion of the Editor(s). Manuscripts for consideration should be sent electronically to toshev@chem.uni-sofia.bg Electroni

Книжка 3
KNOWLEDGE OF AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS WATER IN 5

Antoaneta Angelacheva, Kalina Kamarska

ВИСША МАТЕМАТИКА ЗА УЧИТЕЛИ, УЧЕНИЦИ И СТУДЕНТИ: ДИФЕРЕНЦИАЛНО СМЯТАНЕ

Б. В. Тошев Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

ВАСИЛ ХРИСТОВ БОЗАРОВ

Пенка Бозарова, Здравка Костова

БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ НА СТАТИИ ЗА МИСКОНЦЕПЦИИТЕ В ОБУЧЕНИЕТО ПО ПРИРОДНИ НАУКИ ВЪВ ВСИЧКИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНИ НИВА

Б. В. Тошев Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

В новите броеве на научните списания на издателство четете

3/2014: сп. „Педагогика“ Образователни възможности за свободно писмено преразказване / Мариана Мандева

Книжка 2
SCIENTIX – OБЩНОСТ ЗА НАУЧНО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ В ЕВРОПА

Свежина Димитрова Народна астрономическа обсерватория и планетариум „Николай Коперник“ – Варна

BOTYU ATANASSOV BOTEV

Zdravka Kostova, Margarita Topashka-Ancheva

CHRONOLOGY OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS DISCOVERIES

Maria Atanassova, Radoslav Angelov

GUIDE FOR AUTHORS

Manuscripts submitted to this journal are considered if they have been submitted only to it, they have not been published already, nor are they under consideration for publication or in press elsewhere. Contributions to the Bulgarian Journal of Science Education must report original research and will be subjected to review by anonymous and independent referees at the discretion of the Editor(s). Manuscripts for consideration should be sent electronically to toshev@chem. uni-sofia.bg Elec

Книжка 1
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ ЗА ПРИРОДОНАУЧНА ГРАМОТНОСТ

Адриана Тафрова-Григорова

A COMMENTARY ON THE GENERATION OF AUDIENCE-ORIENTED EDUCATIONAL PARADIGMS IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS

Baldomero Herrera-González Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Mexico

В новите броеве на научните списания на издателство четете

4/2013: сп. „Философия“ Портфолио на преподавателя и студента по „Философия на oбразованието“ (за академич- ни цели) / Яна Рашева-Мерджанова „Философия на oбразованието“ има своите хилядолетни опити и резултати. Изследването на тази духовна вселена води до структура и до обособяването на активности, които са съответни, от една страна, на философскообразователното мислене и култура, а от друга страна – са въвеж- дащи в тяхното овладяване. За ролята на етиката в ученията на П. Рикьор и Е. Лев

2013 година
Книжка 6
DIFFERENTIAL TEACHING IN SCHOOL SCIENCE EDUCATION: CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES

G. Yuzbasheva Kherson Academy of Continuing Education, Ukraine

АНАЛИЗ НА ПОСТИЖЕНИЯТА НА УЧЕНИЦИТЕ ОТ ШЕСТИ КЛАС ВЪРХУ РАЗДЕЛ „ВЕЩЕСТВА И ТЕХНИТЕ СВОЙСТВА“ ПО „ЧОВЕКЪТ И ПРИРОДАТА“

Иваничка Буровска, Стефан Цаковски Регионален инспекторат по образованието – Ловеч

HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE: SOME RECENT PERIODICALS (2013)

Chemistry: Bulgarian Journal of Science Education

45. НАЦИОНАЛНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ НА УЧИТЕЛИТЕ ПО ХИМИЯ

„Образователни стандарти и природонаучна грамотност“ – това е темата на състоялата се от 25 до 27 октомври 2013 г. в Габрово 45. Национална конфе- ренция на учителите по химия с международно участие, която по традиция се проведе комбинирано с Годишната конференция на Българското дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията. Изборът на темата е предизвикан от факта, че развиването на природонаучна грамотност е обща тенденция на реформите на учебните програми и главна

Книжка 5

ЗА ХИМИЯТА НА БИРАТА

Ивелин Кулев

МЕТЕОРИТЪТ ОТ БЕЛОГРАДЧИК

Б. В. Тошев Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

Книжка 4
RECASTING THE DERIVATION OF THE CLAPEYRON EQUATION INTO A CONCEPTUALLY SIMPLER FORM

Srihari Murthy Meenakshi Sundararajan Engineering College, India

CHEMICAL REACTIONS DO NOT ALWAYS MODERATE CHANGES IN CONCENTRATION OF AN ACTIVE COMPONENT

Joan J. Solaz-Portolés, Vicent Sanjosé Universitat de Valènciа, Spain

POLYMETALLIC COMPEXES: CV. SYNTHESIS, SPECTRAL, THERMOGRAVIMETRIC, XRD, MOLECULAR MODELLING AND POTENTIAL ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAMERIC COMPLEXES OF Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) AND Hg(II) WITH OCTADENTATE AZODYE LIGANDS

Bipin B. Mahapatra, S. N. Dehury, A. K. Sarangi, S. N. Chaulia G. M. Autonomous College, India Covt. College of Engineering Kalahandi, India DAV Junior College, India

ПРОФЕСОР ЕЛЕНА КИРКОВА НАВЪРШИ 90 ГОДИНИ

CELEBRATING 90TH ANNIVERSARY OF PROFESSOR ELENA KIRKOVA

Книжка 3
SIMULATION OF THE FATTY ACID SYNTHASE COMPLEX MECHANISM OF ACTION

M.E.A. Mohammed, Ali Abeer, Fatima Elsamani, O.M. Elsheikh, Abdulrizak Hodow, O. Khamis Haji

FORMING OF CONTENT OF DIFFERENTIAL TEACHING OF CHEMISTRY IN SCHOOL EDUCATION OF UKRAINE

G. Yuzbasheva Kherson Academy of Continuing Education, Ukraine

ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА РАДИКАЛ-УЛАВЯЩА СПОСОБНОСТ

Станислав Станимиров, Живко Велков

Книжка 2
Книжка 1
COLORFUL EXPERIMENTS FOR STUDENTS: SYNTHESIS OF INDIGO AND DERIVATIVES

Vanessa BIANDA, Jos-Antonio CONSTENLA, Rolf HAUBRICHS, Pierre-Lonard ZAFFALON

OBSERVING CHANGE IN POTASSIUM ABUNDANCE IN A SOIL EROSION EXPERIMENT WITH FIELD INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

Mila Ivanova Luleva, Harald van der Werff, Freek van der Meer, Victor Jetten

ЦАРСКАТА ПЕЩЕРА

Рафаил ПОПОВ

УЧИЛИЩНИ ЛАБОРАТОРИИ И ОБОРУДВАНЕ SCHOOL LABORATORIES AND EQUIPMENT

Учебни лаборатории Илюстрации от каталог на Franz Hugershoff, Лайциг, притежаван от бъдещия

2012 година
Книжка 6
ADDRESING STUDENTS’ MISCONCEPTIONS CONCERNING CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATIONS

Marina I. Stojanovska, Vladimir M. Petruševski, Bojan T. Šoptrajanov

АНАЛИЗ НА ПОСТИЖЕНИЯТА НА УЧЕНИЦИТЕ ОТ ПЕТИ КЛАС ВЪРХУ РАЗДЕЛ „ВЕЩЕСТВА И ТЕХНИТЕ СВОЙСТВА“ ПО ЧОВЕКЪТ И ПРИРОДАТА

Иваничка Буровска, Стефан Цаковски Регионален инспекторат по образованието – Ловеч

ЕКОТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ

Васил Симеонов

ПРОФ. МЕДОДИЙ ПОПОВ ЗА НАУКАТА И НАУЧНАТА ДЕЙНОСТ (1920 Г.)

Проф. Методий Попов (1881-1954) Госпожици и Господа студенти,

Книжка 5
КОНЦЕПТУАЛНА СХЕМА НА УЧИЛИЩНИЯ КУРС П О ХИМИЯ – МАКР О СКОПСКИ ПОДХОД

Б. В. Тошев Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

ROLE OF ULTRASONIC WAVES TO STUDY MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM

Sunanda S. Aswale, Shashikant R. Aswale, Aparna B. Dhote Lokmanya Tilak Mahavidyalaya, INDIA Nilkanthrao Shinde College, INDIA

SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF IBUPROFEN AND RANITIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE USING UV SPECTROPHOT O METRIC METHOD

Jadupati Malakar, Amit Kumar Nayak Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, INDIA

GAPS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING FOR SOIL EROSION ASSESSMENT

Mila Ivanova Luleva, Harald van der Werff, Freek van der Meer, Victor Jetten

РАДИОХИМИЯ И АРХЕОМЕТРИЯ: ПРО Ф. ДХН ИВЕЛИН КУЛЕВ RADIOCHEMISTRY AND ARCHEOMETRY: PROF. IVELIN KULEFF, DSc

Б. В. Тошев Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

Книжка 4
TEACHING THE CONSTITUTION OF MATTER

Małgorzata Nodzyńska, Jan Rajmund Paśko

СЪСИРВАЩА СИСТЕМА НА КРЪВТА

Маша Радославова, Ася Драгоева

CATALITIC VOLCANO

Emil Lozanov

43-ТА МЕЖДУНАРОДНА ОЛИМПИАДА ПО ХИМИЯ

Донка ТАШЕВА, Пенка ЦАНОВА

ЮБИЛЕЙ: ПРОФ. ДХН БОРИС ГЪЛЪБОВ JUBILEE: PROF. DR. BORIS GALABOV

Б. В. Тошев Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

ПЪРВИЯТ ПРАВИЛНИК ЗА УЧЕБНИЦИТЕ (1897 Г.)

Чл. 1. Съставянето и издаване на учебници се предоставя на частната инициа- тива. Забележка: На учителите – съставители на учебници се запрещава сами да разпродават своите учебници. Чл. 2. Министерството на народното просвещение може да определя премии по конкурс за съставяне на учебници за горните класове на гимназиите и специ- алните училища. Чл. 3. Никой учебник не може да бъде въведен в училищата, ако предварително не е прегледан и одобрен от Министерството на народното просвещение. Чл.

JOHN DEWEY: HOW WE THINK (1910)

John Dewey (1859 – 1952)

ИНФОРМАЦИЯ ЗА СПЕЦИАЛНОСТИТЕ В ОБЛАСТТА НА ПРИРОДНИТЕ НАУКИ В СОФИЙСКИЯ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ „СВ. КЛИМЕНТ ОХРИДСКИ“ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ФАКУЛТЕТ

1. Биология Студентите от специалност Биология придобиват знания и практически умения в областта на биологическите науки, като акцентът е поставен на организмово равнище. Те се подготвят да изследват биологията на организмите на клетъчно- организмово, популационно и екосистемно ниво в научно-функционален и прило- жен аспект, с оглед на провеждане на научно-изследователска, научно-приложна, производствена и педагогическа дейност. Чрез широк набор избираеми и факул- тативни курсове студентите

Книжка 3
УЧИТЕЛИТЕ ПО ПРИРОДНИ НАУКИ – ЗА КОНСТРУКТИВИСТКАТА УЧЕБНА СРЕДА В БЪЛГАРСКОТО УЧИЛИЩЕ

Адриана Тафрова-Григорова, Милена Кирова, Елена Бояджиева

ПОВИШАВАНЕ ИНТЕРЕСА КЪМ ИСТОРИЯТА НА ХИМИЧНИТЕ ЗНАНИЯ И ПРАКТИКИ ПО БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ ЗЕМИ

Людмила Генкова, Свобода Бенева Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

НАЧАЛО НА ПРЕПОДАВАНЕТО НА УЧЕБЕН ПРЕДМЕТ ХИМИЯ В АПРИЛОВОТО УЧИЛИЩЕ В ГАБРОВО

Мария Николова Национална Априловска гимназия – Габрово

ПРИРОДОНАУЧНОТО ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ В БЪЛГАРИЯ – ФОТОАРХИВ

В един дълъг период от време гимназиалните учители по математика, физика, химия и естествена

Книжка 2
„МАГИЯТА НА ХИМИЯТА“ – ВЕЧЕР НА ХИМИЯТА В ЕЗИКОВА ГИМНАЗИЯ „АКАД. Л. СТОЯНОВ“ БЛАГОЕВГРАД

Стефка Михайлова Езикова гимназия „Акад. Людмил Стоянов“ – Благоевград

МЕЖДУНАРОДНАТА ГОДИНА НА ХИМИЯТА 2011 В ПОЩЕНСКИ МАРКИ

Б. В. Тошев Българско дружество за химическо образование и история и философия на химията

ЗА ПРИРОДНИТЕ НАУКИ И ЗА ПРАКТИКУМА ПО ФИЗИКА (Иванов, 1926)

Бурният развой на естествознанието във всичките му клонове през XIX –ия век предизвика дълбоки промени в мирогледа на културния свят, в техниката и в индустрията, в социалните отношения и в държавните интереси. Можем ли днес да си представим един философ, един държавен мъж, един обществен деец, един индустриалец, просто един културен човек, който би могъл да игнорира придобив- ките на природните науки през последния век. Какви ужасни катастрофи, какви социални сътресения би сполетяло съвре

Книжка 1
MURPHY’S LAW IN CHEMISTRY

Milan D. Stojković

42

Донка Ташева, Пенка Цанова

СЕМЕЙНИ УЧЕНИЧЕСКИ ВЕЧЕРИНКИ

Семейството трябва да познава училишето и училишето трябва да познава семейството. Взаимното познанство се налага от обстоятелството, че те, макар и да са два различни по природата си фактори на възпитанието, преследват една и съща проста цел – младото поколение да бъде по-умно, по-нравствено, физически по-здраво и по-щастливо от старото – децата да бъдат по-щастливи от родителите